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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >A nocturnal mammal, the greater mouse-eared bat, calibrates a magnetic compass by the sun
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A nocturnal mammal, the greater mouse-eared bat, calibrates a magnetic compass by the sun

机译：夜行性哺乳动物，更大的老鼠耳蝙蝠，在太阳的作用下校准了磁罗盘

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摘要

Recent evidence suggests that bats can detect the geomagnetic field, but the way in which this is used by them for navigation to a home roost remains unresolved. The geomagnetic field may be used by animals both to indicate direction and to locate position. In birds, directional information appears to be derived from an interaction of the magnetic field with either the sun or the stars, with some evidence suggesting that sunset/sunrise provides the primary directional reference by which a magnetic compass is calibrated daily. We demonstrate that homing greater mouse-eared bats (Myotis myotis) calibrate a magnetic compass with sunset cues by testing their homing response after exposure to an altered magnetic field at and after sunset. Magnetic manipulation at sunset resulted in a counterclockwise shift in orientation compared with controls, consistent with sunset calibration of the magnetic field, whereas magnetic manipulation after sunset resulted in no change in orientation. Unlike in birds, however, the pattern of polarization was not necessary for the calibration. For animals that occupy ecological niches where the sunset is rarely observed, this is a surprising finding. Yet it may indicate the primacy of the sun as an absolute geographical reference not only for birds but also within other vertebrate taxa.
机译：最近的证据表明，蝙蝠可以检测到地磁场，但是它们用于导航到家中栖息地的方式仍未解决。动物可以使用地磁场来指示方向和定位位置。在鸟类中，方向信息似乎是从磁场与太阳或星星的相互作用中得出的，一些证据表明，日落/日出是每天校准磁罗盘的主要方向参考。我们证明归巢更大的老鼠耳蝙蝠（Myotis myotis）通过在日落和日落后暴露于变化的磁场后测试归巢响应，从而校准带有日落线索的磁罗盘。与对照相比，日落时的磁力操作导致方向逆时针移动，这与磁场的日落校准一致，而日落后的磁力操作未导致方向变化。但是，与鸟类不同，校准不需要偏振模式。对于占据很少栖息地的生态位的动物而言，这是一个令人惊讶的发现。然而，这可能表明，太阳不仅是鸟类的绝对地理参考，还是其他脊椎动物类群的绝对地理参考。

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