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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Brain sensitivity to print emerges when children learn letter-speech sound correspondences
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Brain sensitivity to print emerges when children learn letter-speech sound correspondences

机译:当孩子学习字母语音对应时,大脑对印刷品就会产生敏感性

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摘要

The acquisition of reading skills is a major landmark process in a human's cognitive development. On the neural level, a new functional network develops during this time, as children typically learn to associate the well-known sounds of their spoken language with unfamiliar characters in alphabetic languages and finally access the meaning of written words, allowing for later reading. A critical component of the mature reading network located in the left occipito-temporal cortex, termed the "visual word-form system" (VWFS), exhibits print-sensitive activation in readers. When and how the sensitivity of the VWFS to print comes about remains an open question. In this study, we demonstrate the initiation of occipito-temporal cortex sensitivity to print using functional MRI (fMRI) (n = 16) and event-related potentials (ERP) (n = 32) in a controlled, longitudinal training study. Print sensitivity of fast (<250 ms) processes in posterior occipito-temporal brain regions accompanied basic associative learning of letter-speech sound correspondences in young (mean age 6.4 ± 0.08 y) nonreading kindergarten children, as shown by concordant ERP and fMRI results. The occipito-temporal print sensitivity thus is established during the earliest phase of reading acquisition in childhood, suggesting that a crucial part of the later reading network first adopts a role in mapping print and sound.
机译:阅读技能的获得是人类认知发展的一个重要的里程碑过程。在神经层面上,在这段时间里发展了一个新的功能网络,因为孩子们通常学会将他们的口语中的众所周知的声音与字母语言中不熟悉的字符相关联,并最终访问书面单词的含义,以便以后阅读。位于左枕颞颞皮层的成熟阅读网络的重要组成部分被称为“视觉单词形式系统”(VWFS),在阅读器中表现出对打印敏感的激活。 VWFS何时以及如何实现打印的敏感性仍然是一个悬而未决的问题。在这项研究中,我们在受控的纵向训练研究中证明了使用功能性MRI(fMRI)(n = 16)和事件相关电位(ERP)(n = 32)进行枕颞皮层敏感性印刷的可能性。前后ERP和fMRI结果显示,后枕颞脑区域快速(<250 ms)过程的印刷敏感性与未读幼稚园儿童(平均年龄6.4±0.08 y)字母-语音对应关系的基本关联学习有关。因此,在儿童阅读获取的最早阶段就建立了枕颞印记敏感性,这表明后来的阅读网络的关键部分首先在映射印记和声音中发挥作用。

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  • 作者单位

    Agora Center hild Research Centre, University of Jyvaeskylae, 40014 Jyvaeskylae, Finland Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Zuerich, 8032 Zuerich, Switzerland;

    rnAgora Center hild Research Centre, University of Jyvaeskylae, 40014 Jyvaeskylae, Finland Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Zuerich, 8032 Zuerich, Switzerland;

    rnMR Center, University Children's Hospital, 8032 Zuerich, Switzerland;

    rnAgora Center hild Research Centre, University of Jyvaeskylae, 40014 Jyvaeskylae, Finland Department of Psychology and Child Research Centre, University of Jyvaeskylae, 40014 Jyvaeskylae, Finland;

    rnMR Center, University Children's Hospital, 8032 Zuerich, Switzerland Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zuerich, 8057 Zuerich, Switzerland;

    rnAgora Center hild Research Centre, University of Jyvaeskylae, 40014 Jyvaeskylae, Finland Department of Psychology and Child Research Centre, University of Jyvaeskylae, 40014 Jyvaeskylae, Finland;

    rnDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Zuerich, 8032 Zuerich, Switzerland Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zuerich, 8057 Zuerich, Switzerland Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim J5 68072, Germany;

    rnAgora Center hild Research Centre, University of Jyvaeskylae, 40014 Jyvaeskylae, Finland;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    learning; training; visual word-form system; functional MRI; event-related potential;

    机译:学习;训练;视觉词形系统;功能性MRI;事件相关电位;

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