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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Rapid structural alterations of the active zone lead to sustained changes in neurotransmitter release
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Rapid structural alterations of the active zone lead to sustained changes in neurotransmitter release

机译：活动区的快速结构改变导致神经递质释放的持续变化

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摘要

The likelihood with which an action potential elicits neurotransmitter release, the release probability (p_r), is an important component of synaptic strength. Regulatory mechanisms controlling several steps of synaptic vesicle (SV) exocytosis may affect p_r, yet their relative importance in determining p_r and eliciting temporal changes in neurotransmitter release at individual synapses is largely unknown. We have investigated whether the size of the active zone cytomatrix is a major determinant of p_r and whether changes in its size lead to corresponding alterations in neurotransmitter release. We have used a fluorescent sensor of SV exocytosis, synaptophysin-pHluorin, to measure p_r at individual synapses with high accuracy and employed a fluorescently labeled cytomatrix protein. Bassoon, to quantify the amount of active zone cytomatrix present at these synapses. We find that, for synapses made by a visually identified presynaptic neuron, p_r is indeed strongly correlated with the amount of active zone cytomatrix present at the presynaptic specialization. Intriguingly, active zone cytomatri-ces are frequently subject to synapse-specific changes in size on a time scale of minutes. These spontaneous alterations in active zone size are associated with corresponding changes in neurotransmitter release. Our results suggest that the size of the active zone cytomatrix has a large influence on the reliability of synaptic transmission. Furthermore, they implicate mechanisms leading to rapid structural alterations at active zones in synapse-specific forms of plasticity.
机译：动作电位引起神经递质释放的可能性，即释放概率（p_r），是突触强度的重要组成部分。控制突触小泡（SV）胞吐的几个步骤的调节机制可能会影响p_r，但在确定p_r和引起单个突触释放神经递质释放的时间变化方面，它们的相对重要性非常未知。我们研究了活性区细胞基质的大小是否是p_r的主要决定因素，并且其大小的变化是否会导致神经递质释放的相应变化。我们已经使用了SV胞吐作用的荧光传感器突触素-pHluorin，以高精度测量单个突触处的p_r，并使用了荧光标记的细胞基质蛋白。巴松管，以量化在这些突触中存在的活性区细胞基质的数量。我们发现，对于由视觉识别的突触前神经元产生的突触，p_r确实与突触前特化中存在的活性区细胞基质的量密切相关。有趣的是，活动区细胞基质经常在数分钟的时间尺度上发生突触特异性大小变化。活动区大小的这些自发改变与神经递质释放的相应变化有关。我们的结果表明，活动区细胞基质的大小对突触传递的可靠性有很大的影响。此外，它们暗示了以突触特异性可塑性形式导致活性区快速结构改变的机制。

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    Jacob Matz; Andrew Gilyan; Annette Kolar; Terrence McCarvill; Stefan R. Krueger;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada B3H 1X5;

    Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada B3H 1X5 Neuroscience Institute, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada B3H 1X5;

    Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada B3H 1X5 Neuroscience Institute, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada B3H 1X5;

    Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada B3H 1X5;

    Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada B3H 1X5 Neuroscience Institute, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada B3H 1X5;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    release probability; synaptic vesicle docking; active zone cytomatrix; plasticity; pHluorin;

    机译：释放概率;突触小泡对接;活动区细胞基质可塑性;pH值;

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