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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Mapping dynamic memories of gradually changing objects
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Mapping dynamic memories of gradually changing objects

机译：映射逐渐变化的对象的动态记忆

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摘要

Our brain is able to maintain a continuously updated memory representation of objects despite changes in their appearance over time (aging faces or objects, growing trees, etc.). Although this ability is crucial for cognition and behavior, it was barely explored. Here, we investigate this memory characteristic using a protocol emulating face transformation. Observers were presented with a sequence of faces that gradually transformed over many days, from a known face (source) to a new face (target), in presentations separated by other stimuli. This practice resulted in a drastic change in the memory and recognition of the faces. Although identification of the source and older face instances was reduced, recent face instances were increasingly identified as the source and rated as highly similar to the memory of the source. Using an object perturbation method, we estimated the corresponding memory shift, showing that memory patterns shifted from the source neighborhood toward the target. Our findings suggest that memory is updated to account for object changes over time while still keeping associations with past appearances. These experimental results are broadly compatible with a recently developed model of associative memory that assumes attractor dynamics with a learning rule facilitated by novelty, shown to hold when objects change gradually over short timescales.
机译：尽管对象的外观随时间变化（衰老的面孔或对象，正在生长的树木等），但我们的大脑仍能够保持对象不断更新的内存表示。尽管此功能对于认知和行为至关重要，但几乎没有进行探索。在这里，我们使用模拟面部转换的协议来研究这种记忆特征。观察者被呈现出一系列的面孔，这些面孔在几天内逐渐被改变，从已知的面孔（来源）到新的面孔（目标），由其他刺激分开。这种做法导致面部记忆和识别能力发生了巨大变化。尽管减少了对源面部和较老的面部实例的识别，但最近的面部实例被越来越多地标识为源，并且其评级与源的内存高度相似。使用对象摄动方法，我们估计了相应的内存偏移，表明内存模式从源邻域向目标偏移。我们的发现表明，对内存进行更新以解决对象随时间的变化，同时仍保持与过去外观的关联。这些实验结果与最近开发的联想记忆模型具有广泛的相容性，该模型假设吸引子动力学具有新颖性促进的学习规则，当物体在短时间范围内逐渐变化时，这种记忆规则就成立了。

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