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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Starch grain and phytolith evidence for early ninth millennium B.P. maize from the Central Balsas River Valley, Mexico
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Starch grain and phytolith evidence for early ninth millennium B.P. maize from the Central Balsas River Valley, Mexico

机译：公元前九千年初期的淀粉粒和植物硅酸盐证据。墨西哥中部巴尔萨斯河谷的玉米

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摘要

Questions that still surround the origin and early dispersals of maize (Zea mays L.) result in large part from the absence of information on its early history from the Balsas River Valley of tropical southwestern Mexico, where its wild ancestor is native. We report starch grain and phytolith data from the Xihuatoxtla shelter, located in the Central Balsas Valley, that indicate that maize was present by 8,700 calen-drical years ago (cal. B.P.). Phytolith data also indicate an early preceramic presence of a domesticated species of squash, possibly Cucurbita argyrosperma. The starch and phytolith data also allow an evaluation of current hypotheses about how early maize was used, and provide evidence as to the tempo and timing of human selection pressure on 2 major domestication genes in Zea and Cucurbita. Our data confirm an early Holocene chronology for maize domestication that has been previously indicated by archaeological and paleoeco-logical phytolith, starch grain, and pollen data from south of Mexico, and reshift the focus back to an origin in the seasonal tropical forest rather than in the semiarid highlands.
机译：玉米（Zea mays L.）的起源和早期传播仍然存在问题，这在很大程度上是由于缺乏墨西哥西南部热带祖先的巴尔萨斯河谷有关其早期历史的信息而导致的。我们报告了位于巴尔萨斯中部山谷的Xihuatoxtla庇护所的淀粉粒和植硅体数据，这些数据表明，到8700钙年以前，玉米已经存在了（cal。B.P.）。植石物的数据还表明，早熟的南瓜属物种是南瓜，可能是葫芦科的葫芦科植物。淀粉和植硅体的数据还可以评估当前关于如何使用早期玉米的假设，并提供证据证明玉米和葫芦科中两个主要驯化基因的人类选择压力的速度和时机。我们的数据证实了早于全新世的玉米驯化年表，先前已由墨西哥南部的考古和古生态植石，淀粉粒和花粉数据表明，并将重点转移回了季节性热带森林而不是热带地区。半干旱的高原。

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  • 作者

    Dolores R. Piperno; Anthony J. Ranere; Irene Holst; Jose lriarte; Ruth Dickau;

  • 作者单位

    Archaeobiology Program, Department of Anthropology, Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC 20560 Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado Postal 0843-03092, Balboa, Republic of Panama;

    Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado Postal 0843-03092, Balboa, Republic of Panama Department of Anthropology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122;

    Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado Postal 0843-03092, Balboa, Republic of Panama;

    Department of Archaeology, School of Geography, Archaeology, and Earth Resources, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QJ, United Kingdom;

    Department of Anthropology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    early holocene; maize domestication; phytoliths; starch grains;

    机译：早期全新世玉米驯化;植物石淀粉粒;

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