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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Geometric considerations in virus capsid size specificity, auxiliary requirements, and buckling
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Geometric considerations in virus capsid size specificity, auxiliary requirements, and buckling

机译：病毒衣壳大小特异性，辅助要求和弯曲的几何考虑

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摘要

Spherical capsids are shells of protein subunits that protect the genomes of many viral strains. Although nature displays a range of spherical capsid sizes (reflected by the number of subunits in the formation), specific strains display stringent requirements for forming capsids of specific sizes, a requirement that appears crucial to infectivity. Despite its importance in pathogenicity, little is known regarding the determinants of capsid size. Still less is known about exactly which capsids can undergo maturation events such as buckling transitions-postcapsid-assembly events that are crucial to some virus strains. We show that the exclusive determinant of capsid size is hexamer shape, as defined by sub-unit-subunit dihedral angles. This conclusion arises from considering the dihedral angle patterns within hexamers belonging to natural canonical capsids and geometric capsid models (deitahe-dra). From simple geometric models and an understanding of endo angle propagation discussed here, we then suggest that buckling transitions may be available only to capsids of certain size (specifically, T < 7 capsids are precluded from such transformations) and that T > 7 capsids require the help of auxiliary mechanisms for proper capsid formation. These predictions, arising from simple geometry and modeling, are backed by a body of empirical evidence, further reinforcing the extent to which the evolution of the atomistically complex virus capsid may be principled around simple geometric design/requirements.
机译：球形衣壳是蛋白质亚基的壳，可保护许多病毒株的基因组。尽管自然显示出球形衣壳大小范围（由地层中亚基的数量反映），但特定菌株显示出形成特定大小衣壳的严格要求，这一要求对于感染性至关重要。尽管它在致病性方面很重要，但关于衣壳大小的决定因素知之甚少。对于哪些衣壳可以经历成熟事件（例如对某些病毒株至关重要的屈曲过渡-衣壳后组装事件）的确切了解还很少。我们显示衣壳大小的唯一决定因素是六聚体形状，由亚基-亚基二面角定义。该结论是通过考虑属于自然规范衣壳和几何衣壳模型（deitahe-dra）的六聚体中的二面角图案而得出的。通过简单的几何模型以及此处讨论的对内角传播的理解，我们建议屈曲过渡可能仅适用于一定大小的衣壳（具体而言，此类转换不包括T <7衣壳），并且T> 7衣壳需要帮助适当的衣壳形成的辅助机制。这些来自简单几何和建模的预测得到了大量的经验证据的支持，进一步加强了原子复杂的病毒衣壳的进化可以围绕简单的几何设计/要求原则化的程度。

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