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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Elevated water temperature and carbon dioxide concentration increase the growth of a keystone echinoderm
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Elevated water temperature and carbon dioxide concentration increase the growth of a keystone echinoderm

机译：升高的水温和二氧化碳浓度会增加梯形棘手层的生长

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Anthropogenic climate change poses a serious threat to biodiversity. In marine environments, multiple climate variables, including temperature and CO_2 concentration ([CO_2]), are changing simultaneously. Although temperature has well-documented ecological effects, and many heavily calcified marine organisms experience reduced growth with increased [CO_2], little is known about the combined effects of temperature and [CO_2], particularly on species that are less dependent on calcified shells or skeletons. We manipulated water temperature and [CO_2] to determine the effects on the sea star Pisaster ochraceus, a keystone predator. We found that sea star growth and feeding rates increased with water temperature from 5 ℃ to 21 ℃. A doubling of current [CO_2] also increased - growth rates both with and without a concurrent temperature increase from 12 ℃ to 15 ℃. Increased [CO_2] also had a positive but nonsignificant effect on sea star feeding rates, suggesting [CO_2] may be acting directly at the physiological level to increase growth rates. As in past studies of other marine invertebrates, increased [CO_2] reduced the relative calcified mass in sea stars, although this effect was observed only at the lower experimental temperature. The positive relationship between growth and [CO_2] found here contrasts with previous studies, most of which have shown negative effects of [CO_2] on marine species, particularly those that are more heavily calcified than P. ochraceus. Our findings demonstrate that increased [CO_2] will not have direct negative effects on all marine invertebrates, suggesting that predictions of biotic responses to climate change should consider how different types of organisms will respond to changing climatic variables.
机译：人为的气候变化对生物多样性构成了严重威胁。在海洋环境中，包括温度和CO_2浓度（[CO_2]）在内的多个气候变量正在同时变化。尽管温度具有有据可查的生态影响，并且许多严重钙化的海洋生物的生长随[CO_2]的增加而降低，但对温度和[CO_2]的组合影响知之甚少，尤其是对于不太依赖钙化壳或骨骼的物种。我们操纵了水温和[CO_2]来确定对基石捕食者海洋星Pi鱼Pi的影响。我们发现，随着水温从5℃升高到21℃，海星的生长和摄食速率增加。电流[CO_2]的增加也增加了一倍-在有和没有同时温度从12℃升高到15℃的情况下，增长率。增加的[CO_2]对海星的摄食率也有积极但不显着的影响，表明[CO_2]可能直接在生理水平上起作用以增加生长率。与以往对其他海洋无脊椎动物的研究一样，增加的[CO_2]减少了海星中的相对钙化质量，尽管这种效果仅在较低的实验温度下才观察到。在这里发现的生长与[CO_2]之间的正相关与以前的研究形成对比，大多数研究表明[CO_2]对海洋物种具有负面影响，尤其是钙化程度比草更严重的海洋物种。我们的发现表明，增加的[CO_2]不会对所有海洋无脊椎动物产生直接的负面影响，这表明对气候变化的生物反应的预测应考虑不同类型的生物体如何对变化的气候变量做出反应。

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