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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Baseline brain energy supports the state of consciousness
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Baseline brain energy supports the state of consciousness

机译：基线脑能量支持意识状态

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摘要

An individual, human or animal, is defined to be in a conscious state empirically by the behavioral ability to respond meaningfully to stimuli, whereas the loss of consciousness is defined by unrespon-siveness. PET measurements of glucose or oxygen consumption show a widespread -45% reduction in cerebral energy consumption with anesthesia-induced loss of consciousness. Because baseline brain energy consumption has been shown by 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy to be almost exclusively dedicated to neuronal signaling, we propose that the high level of brain energy is a necessary property of the conscious state. Two additional neuronal properties of the conscious state change with anesthesia. The delocalized fMRI activity patterns in rat brain during sensory stimulation at a higher energy state (close to the awake) collapse to a contralateral somatosensory response at lower energy state (deep anesthesia). Firing rates of an ensemble of neurons in the rat somatosensory cortex shift from the γ-band range (20-40 Hz) at higher energy state to < 10 Hz at lower energy state. With the conscious state defined by the individual's behavior and maintained by high cerebral energy, measurable properties of that state are the widespread fMRI patterns and high frequency neuronal activity, both of which support the extensive interregional communication characteristic of consciousness. This usage of high brain energies when the person is in the "state" of consciousness differs from most studies, which attend the smaller energy increments observed during the stimulations that form the "contents" of that state.
机译：通过经验上对刺激做出有意义反应的行为能力，凭经验将个人，人类或动物定义为处于意识状态，而意识丧失则由无反应性定义。 PET测量的葡萄糖或氧气消耗量显示，由于麻醉引起的意识丧失，脑能量消耗量普遍降低-45％。因为13C磁共振波谱显示基线脑能量消耗几乎专门用于神经元信号传导，所以我们建议高水平的脑能量是意识状态的必要属性。意识状态的另外两个神经元特性随麻醉而改变。在高能量状态（接近清醒状态）的感觉刺激过程中，大鼠大脑中离域的fMRI活动模式崩溃，而在低能量状态（深度麻醉）下发生对侧体感反应。大鼠体感皮层中神经元集合的发射速率从高能状态的γ波段范围（20-40 Hz）转变为低能状态的<10 Hz。意识状态由个人的行为定义并由高大脑能量维持，该状态的可测量属性是广泛的功能磁共振成像模式和高频神经元活动，这两者都支持意识的广泛区域间交流特征。当人处于意识“状态”时，高大脑能量的使用不同于大多数研究，大多数研究都参与了形成该状态“内容”的刺激过程中观察到的较小能量增量。

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  • 作者

    Robert G. Shulman; Fahmeed Hyder; Douglas L. Rothman;

  • 作者单位

    Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Departments of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520;

    Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Biomedical Engineering, Core Center for Quantitative Neuroscience with Magnetic Resonance, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520;

    Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Biomedical Engineering, Core Center for Quantitative Neuroscience with Magnetic Resonance, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    anesthesia; awake; glutamate; neuroimaging; oxygen consumption;

    机译：麻醉;苏醒;谷氨酸神经影像耗氧量;

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