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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Rapid formin-mediated actin-filament elongation is essential for polarized plant cell growth
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Rapid formin-mediated actin-filament elongation is essential for polarized plant cell growth

机译：快速formin介导的肌动蛋白丝伸长对于极化的植物细胞生长至关重要

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摘要

Formins are present in all eukaryotes and are essential for the creation of actin-based structures responsible for diverse cellular processes. Because multicellular organisms contain large formin gene families, establishing the physiological functions of formin isoforms has been difficult. Using RNAi, we analyzed the function of all 9 formin genes within the moss Physcomitrella patens. We show that plants lacking class II formins (For2) are severely stunted and composed of spherical cells with disrupted act in organization. In contrast, silencing of all other formins results in normal elongated cell morphology and actin organization. Consistent with a role in polarized growth, For2 are apically localized in growng cells. We show that an N-terminal phosphatase tensin (PTEN)-like domain mediates apical localization. The PTEN-like domain is followed by a conserved formin homology (FH)1-FH2 domain, known to promote actin polymerization. To determine whether apical localization of any FH1-FH2 domain mediates polarized growth, we performed domain swapping. We found that only the class II FH1-FH2, in combination with the PTEN-like domain, rescues polarized growth, because it cannot be replaced with a similar domain from a For1. We used in vitro polymerization assays to dissect the functional differences between these FH1-FH2 domains. We found that both the FH1 and the FH2 domains from For2 are required to mediate exceptionally rapid rates of actin filament elongation, much faster than any other known formin. Thus, our data demonstrate that rapid rates of actin elongation are critical for driving the formation of apical filamentous actin necessary for polarized growth.
机译：在所有的真核生物中都存在福明蛋白，它对于产生负责多种细胞过程的基于肌动蛋白的结构至关重要。由于多细胞生物包含大量的formin基因家族，因此很难确定formin亚型的生理功能。使用RNAi，我们分析了苔藓小立碗藓内所有9种formin基因的功能。我们表明缺乏类II Formins（For2）的植物严重发育不良，并由具有破坏组织作用的球形细胞组成。相反，所有其他formins沉默会导致正常的细长细胞形态和肌动蛋白组织。与极化生长中的作用一致，For2顶端定位在已生长的细胞中。我们显示，N末端磷酸酶张力蛋白（PTEN）样域介导根尖定位。 PTEN样结构域后面是保守的formin同源性（FH）1-FH2结构域，已知可促进肌动蛋白聚合。为了确定任何FH1-FH2域的顶端定位是否介导极化生长，我们进行了域交换。我们发现只有II类FH1-FH2与PTEN样结构域结合才能挽救极化增长，因为它不能被For1的类似结构域取代。我们使用体外聚合测定法来分析这些FH1-FH2域之间的功能差异。我们发现，For2的FH1和FH2结构域都需要介导肌动蛋白丝伸长的极快速度，比任何其他已知形式的都要快得多。因此，我们的数据表明，肌动蛋白的快速伸长对于驱动极化生长所必需的顶丝状肌动蛋白的形成至关重要。

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    Luis Vidali; Peter A. C. van Gisbergen; Christophe Guerin; Paula Franco; Ming Li; Graham M. Burkart; Robert C. Augustine; Laurent Blanchoin; Magdalena Bezanilla;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003;

    Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003;

    lnstitut de Recherches en Technologie et Sciences pour le Vivant, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire Vegetale, Commissariat a I'Energie Atomique/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/lnstitut National de la Recherche Agronomique/Universite Joseph Fourier, F-38054, Grenoble, France;

    Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003;

    Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003;

    Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003;

    Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003;

    lnstitut de Recherches en Technologie et Sciences pour le Vivant, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire Vegetale, Commissariat a I'Energie Atomique/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/lnstitut National de la Recherche Agronomique/Universite Joseph Fourier, F-38054, Grenoble, France;

    Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Physcomitrella patens; moss; profilin; tip growth; RNAi;

    机译：小立碗藓苔藓;脯氨酸小费增长;RNA干扰;

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