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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Glacier loss on Kilimanjaro continues unabated
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Glacier loss on Kilimanjaro continues unabated

机译：乞力马扎罗山冰川损失仍在继续

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摘要

The dramatic loss of Kilimanjaro's ice cover has attracted global attention. The three remaining ice fields on the plateau and the slopes are both shrinking laterally and rapidly thinning. Summit ice cover (areal extent) decreased ≈1 % per year from 1912 to 1953 and ≈2.5% per year from 1989 to 2007. Of the ice cover present in 1912, 85% has disappeared and 26% of that present in 2000 is now gone. From 2000 to 2007 thinning (surface lowering) at the summits of the Northern and Southern Ice Fields was ≈1.9 and ≈5.1 m, respectively, which based on ice thicknesses at the summit drill sites in 2000 represents a thinning of ≈ 3.6% and ≈24%, respectively. Furtwaengler Glacier thinned 50% at the drill site between 2000 and 2009. Ice volume changes (2000-2007) calculated for two ice fields reveal that nearly equivalent ice volumes are now being lost to thinning and lateral shrinking. The relative importance of different climatological drivers remains an area of active inquiry, yet several points bear consideration. Kilimanjaro's ice loss is contemporaneous with widespread glacier retreat in mid to low latitudes. The Northern Ice Field has persisted at least 11,700 years and survived a widespread drought 4,200 years ago that lasted ≈300 years. We present additional evidence that the combination of processes driving the current shrinking and thinning of Kilimanjaro's ice fields is unique within an 11,700-year perspective. If current climatological conditions are sustained, the ice fields atop Kilimanjaro and on its flanks will likely disappear within several decades.
机译：乞力马扎罗山冰盖的巨大损失引起了全球关注。高原和斜坡上剩下的三个冰场都在横向收缩并迅速变薄。从1912年到1953年，顶峰冰盖（面积范围）每年减少≈1％，从1989年到2007年每年减少≈2.5％。在1912年存在的冰盖中，有85％消失了，而在2000年的冰盖中有26％现已消失。没了从2000年到2007年，北部和南部冰原山顶的稀疏（表面降低）分别为≈1.9和≈5.1m，基于2000年山顶钻探点的冰厚，这意味着稀疏≈3.6％和≈分别为24％。在2000年至2009年之间，Furtwaengler冰川在钻探现场变薄了50％。针对两个冰场的冰量变化（2000-2007年）显示，如今变薄和横向收缩的冰量几乎消失了。不同气候驱动因素的相对重要性仍然是一个积极研究的领域，但有几点需要考虑。乞力马扎罗山的冰川流失与中低纬度地区广泛的冰川撤退同时发生。北部冰原至少持续了11700年，并在4200年前的干旱中幸存下来，干旱持续了300多年。我们提供了更多的证据，证明驱动乞力马扎罗山冰原当前缩小和变薄的过程的组合在11700年的时间内是独一无二的。如果当前的气候条件得以维持，乞力马扎罗山顶及其侧面的冰原可能会在几十年内消失。

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    L. G. Thompson; H. H. Brecher; E. Mosley-Thompson; D. R. Hardy; B. G. Mark;

  • 作者单位

    Byrd Polar Research Center, Ohio State University, 108 Scott Hall, 1090 Carmack Road, Columbus, OH 43210 School of Earth Sciences, Ohio State University, 125 South Oval Mall, Columbus, OH 43210;

    Byrd Polar Research Center, Ohio State University, 108 Scott Hall, 1090 Carmack Road, Columbus, OH 43210;

    Byrd Polar Research Center, Ohio State University, 108 Scott Hall, 1090 Carmack Road, Columbus, OH 43210 Department of Geography, Ohio State University, 154 North Oval Mall, Columbus, OH 43210;

    Department of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts, 236 Hasbrouck, Amherst, MA 01003;

    Byrd Polar Research Center, Ohio State University, 108 Scott Hall, 1090 Carmack Road, Columbus, OH 43210 Department of Geography, Ohio State University, 154 North Oval Mall, Columbus, OH 43210;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    climate change; climatology; glacier retreat; ice cores; paleoclimate;

    机译：气候变化;气候学冰川退缩冰芯;古气候;

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