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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Believers' estimates of God's beliefs are more egocentric than estimates of other people's beliefs
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Believers' estimates of God's beliefs are more egocentric than estimates of other people's beliefs

机译:信徒对上帝信仰的估计比其他人信仰的估计更自我中心

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摘要

People often reason egocentrically about others' beliefs, using their own beliefs as an inductive guide. Correlational, experimental, and neuroimaging evidence suggests that people may be even more egocentric when reasoning about a religious agent's beliefs (e.g., God). In both nationally representative and more local samples, people's own beliefs on important social and ethical issues were consistently correlated more strongly with estimates of God's beliefs than with estimates of other people's beliefs (Studies 1-4). Manipulating people's beliefs similarly influenced estimates of God's beliefs but did not as consistently influence estimates of other people's beliefs (Studies 5 and 6). A final neuroimaging study demonstrated a clear convergence in neural activity when reasoning about one's own beliefs and God's beliefs, but clear divergences when reasoning about another person's beliefs (Study 7). In particular, reasoning about God's beliefs activated areas associated with self-referential thinking more so than did reasoning about another person's beliefs. Believers commonly use inferences about God's beliefs as a moral compass, but that compass appears especially dependent on one's own existing beliefs.
机译:人们通常以自己的信仰为归纳指导,以自我为中心对他人的信仰进行推理。相关的,实验的和神经影像学的证据表明,当人们在考虑某个宗教代理人的信仰(例如上帝)时,可能会更加以自我为中心。在具有国家代表性的样本和更多本地样本中,人们对重要的社会和道德问题的信念与上帝的信念的估计比与其他人的信念的估计更加一致(研究1-4)。操纵人们的信仰同样会影响对上帝信仰的估计,但不会一贯地影响对他人信仰的估计(研究5和6)。最终的神经影像研究表明,在推理一个人自己的信念和上帝的信念时,神经活动明显收敛,而在推理另一个人的信念时,差异明显(研究7)。特别是,对上帝信仰的推理比对他人信仰的推理更能激活与自我指称思维相关的领域。信徒通常将关于上帝信仰的推论用作道德的指南针,但是指南针似乎特别依赖于自己现有的信仰。

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