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The contrasting role of B7-H3

机译:B7-H3的对比作用

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Tlymphocytes of adaptive immunity provide vertebrates with the ability to survey for and respond specifically to an incredible diversity of antigens, whether foreign or native. Appropriate T cell response is required to eradicate pathogens, whereas abnormal T cell function could lead to autoimmune diseases, cancer, and transplantation rejection. The outcome of T cell engagement of antigen is determined by positive costimula-tion and negative coinhibition; both are primarily generated by the interaction between the B7 family and their receptor CD28 family (1). Recent years have seen the identification of several new members of B7/CD28 families. The growing B7 family now comprises seven members: B7-1 (CD80), B7-2 (CD86), B7h (CD275), PD-L1 (CD274), PD-L2 (CD273), B7-H3 (CD276), and B7x (B7-H4 or B7S1). Almost 5 years ago, we divided the B7 family into three groups by phylogenetic analysis: group I includes B7-1, B7-2, and B7h; group II consists of PD-L1 and PD-L2; and group III contains B7x and B7-H3 (2, 3). Receptors for group I are CD28, CTLA-4, and ICOS, and the receptor for group II is PD-1 (Fig. 1). B7-1 also binds PD-L1. One prediction of the phylogenetic comparison was that receptor(s) for B7-H3 would not be real ho-mologue(s) of receptors for group I and II (3).
机译:具有适应性免疫力的淋巴细胞为脊椎动物提供了调查和特异性应答令人难以置信的各种抗原(无论是外来的还是天然的)的能力。根除病原体需要适当的T细胞反应,而异常的T细胞功能可能导致自身免疫性疾病,癌症和移植排斥。抗原与T细胞结合的结果取决于阳性共刺激和阴性共抑制。两者主要是由B7家族与其受体CD28家族之间的相互作用产生的(1)。近年来,已经发现了B7 / CD28家族的几个新成员。成长中的B7家族现在由七个成员组成:B7-1(CD80),B7-2(CD86),B7h(CD275),PD-L1(CD274),PD-L2(CD273),B7-H3(CD276)和B7x(B7-H4或B7S1)。大约5年前,我们通过系统进化分析将B7家族分为三类:第一类包括B7-1,B7-2和B7h;第二类包括B7-1,B7-2和B7h。第二组由PD-L1和PD-L2组成;第三组包含B7x和B7-H3(2,3)。第一组的受体为CD28,CTLA-4和ICOS,第二组的受体为PD-1(图1)。 B7-1也结合PD-L1。系统发育比较的一项预测是,B7-H3受体不是I和II组受体的真正同源(3)。

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