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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Environmental influence on primary sex ratio in a dioecious plant
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Environmental influence on primary sex ratio in a dioecious plant

机译：环境对雌雄异株植物初生性别比的影响

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The proximity of mates can influence mating opportunities and the quantity and quality of offspring, especially in dioecious plant species. Progeny sex ratios modulated by environmental conditions is one of the most radical ways in which offspring quality may be influenced, yet it has rarely been reported in plants. A mechanism proposed to influence progeny sex ratios in dioecious plants involves competition between female- and male-determining mi-crogametophytes (certation) as a result of variation in pollination intensity. However, the role of selective fertilization in dioecious plants is controversial and has not been demonstrated under field conditions. Here we investigate whether natural variation in the spatial arrangement of females and males influences pollination intensity and progeny sex ratios in the wind-pollinated herb Rumex nivalis. Based on previous experimental manipulation of pollination intensity in this species, we predicted that maternal parents in close proximity to males would produce more strongly female-biased progeny sex ratios. We tested this prediction in six alpine populations in Switzerland by measuring the distance between focal females and neighboring males and assessing pollen loads and seed sex ratios of maternal parents. In four of the six populations, females positioned in close proximity to males captured more pollen and exhibited more female-biased sex ratios. Our results demonstrate that demographic aspects of the maternal mating environment can influence progeny sex ratios. The most probable explanation for biased primary sex ratios in Rumex is selective fertilization resulting from pollen tube competition.
机译：伴侣的接近会影响交配的机会以及后代的数量和质量，特别是在雌雄异株植物中。受环境条件调节的子代性别比是影响子代质量的最根本的方法之一，但在植物中鲜有报道。提议影响雌雄异株植物的子代性别比的机制涉及确定授粉强度变化的雌雄决定雄配子体（认证）之间的竞争。然而，在雌雄异株的植物中选择性施肥的作用是有争议的，并且在田间条件下尚未得到证实。在这里，我们调查了在自然授粉的草药Rumex nivalis中，雌性和雄性的空间分布的自然变化是否会影响授粉强度和后代性别比。根据以前对该物种授粉强度的实验性处理，我们预测与男性接近的母亲父母会产生更强烈的女性偏向的后代性别比。我们通过测量母体雌性和邻近雄性之间的距离，并评估花粉负荷和母体父母的种子性别比，在瑞士的六个高山种群中测试了这一预测。在六个人口中，有四个人口中，紧邻男性的雌性花粉更多，而雌性性别比也更高。我们的结果表明，孕产妇交配环境的人口统计学方面会影响后代性别比例。 Rumex中最主要的性别比例偏倚的最可能解释是花粉管竞争导致的选择性受精。

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