...
  • 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Mate choice for more melanin as a mechanism to maintain a functional oncogene
【24h】

Mate choice for more melanin as a mechanism to maintain a functional oncogene

机译：选择更多的黑色素作为维持功能癌基因的机制

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
           
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

The mechanisms by which cancer evolves and persists in natural systems have been difficult to ascertain. In the Xiphophorus melanoma model, a functional oncogene (Xiphophorus melanoma receptor kinase Xmrk) has been maintained for several million years despite being deleterious and in an extremely unstable genomic region. Melanomas in Xiphophorus spp. fishes (platy-fishes and swordtails) have been investigated since the 1920s, and, yet, positive selection that could explain the maintenance of Xmrk has not been found. Here, we show that Xiphophorus cortezi females from two populations prefer males with the spotted caudal (Sc) melanin pattern, which is associated with the presence of the Xmrk oncogene and serves as the site of melanoma formation within this species. Moreover, X. cortezi females prefer males with an enhanced Sc to males with a reduced Sc pattern. RT-PCR analysis confirms tissue-specific Xmrk expression within the Sc pattern in X. cortezi. Because of the association of Xmrk with the Sc pigment pattern and the fact that melanoma formation augments this visual signal, sexual selection appears to be maintaining this oncogene because of a mating preference for Sc, as well as the exaggeration of this male trait. At the individual level, decreases in viability and fecundity because of Xmrk and subsequent melanoma formation may be mitigated via increases in mate acquisition. At the population level, maintenance of this oncogene appears to be under frequency dependent selection, as we detected female preference for males without Sc in a third population that had higher frequencies of Sc in females.
机译：癌症发展并在自然系统中持续存在的机制很难确定。在Xiphophorus黑色素瘤模型中，功能性致癌基因（Xiphophorus黑色素瘤受体激酶Xmrk）尽管有害且处于极其不稳定的基因组区域，但已维持了数百万年。 Xiphophorus spp中的黑素瘤。自1920年代以来，已经对鱼类（板状鱼类和剑尾鱼）进行了调查，但是，至今仍未找到可以解释Xmrk维持性的积极选择。在这里，我们显示来自两个种群的Xiphophorus cortezi雌性更喜欢具有斑点的尾部（Sc）黑色素模式的雄性，这与Xmrk癌基因的存在有关，并且是该物种内黑色素瘤形成的部位。而且，Cortezi X.雌性更喜欢Sc增强的雄性而不是Sc模式降低的雄性。 RT-PCR分析证实了X. cortezi的Sc模式内组织特异性Xmrk表达。由于Xmrk与Sc色素模式的关联以及黑色素瘤的形成增强了这种视觉信号，由于对Sc的交配偏好以及这种男性性格的夸张，性选择似乎维持了这种癌基因。在个体水平上，由于Xmrk引起的生存力和繁殖力下降以及随后黑色素瘤的形成可以通过增加配偶获得来缓解。在人群水平上，该致癌基因的维持似乎是在频率依赖性选择下进行的，因为我们在第三批在女性中具有较高Sc频率的人群中发现女性对不具有Sc的男性的偏爱。

著录项

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号