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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Screening Plasmonic Materials Using Pyramidal Gratings
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Screening Plasmonic Materials Using Pyramidal Gratings

机译：使用金字塔形光栅筛选等离子材料

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摘要

Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) are responsible for exotic optical phenomena, including negative refraction, surface enhanced Raman scattering, and nanoscale focusing of light. Although many materials support SPPs, the choice of metal for most applications has been based on traditional plasmonic materials (Ag, Au) because there have been no side-by-side comparisons of the different materials on well-defined, nanostructured surfaces. Here, we report a platform that not only enabled rapid screening of a wide range of metals under different excitation conditions and dielectric environments, but also identified new and unexpected materials for biosensing applications. Nanopyramidal gratings were used to generate plasmon dispersion diagrams for Al, Ag, Au, Cu, and Pd. Surprisingly, the SPP coupling efficiencies of Cu and Al exceeded widely used plasmonic materials under certain excitation conditions. Furthermore, grazing angle excitation led to the highest refractive index sensitivities (figure of merit >85) reported at optical frequencies because of extremely narrow SPP resonances (full-width-at-half-minimum <6 nm or 7 meV). Finally, our screening process revealed that Ag, with the highest sensitivity, was not necessarily the preferred material for detecting molecules. We discovered that Au and even Pd, a weak plasmonic material, showed comparable index shifts on formation of a protein monolayer.
机译：表面等离振子极化子（SPPs）引起奇特的光学现象，包括负折射，表面增强的拉曼散射和光的纳米级聚焦。尽管许多材料都支持SPP，但是对于大多数应用，金属的选择一直基于传统的等离子体材料（Ag，Au），因为在定义明确的纳米结构表面上没有对不同材料进行并排比较。在这里，我们报告了一个平台，该平台不仅可以在不同的激发条件和介电环境下快速筛查各种金属，还可以识别出新的和出乎意料的材料用于生物传感应用。纳米锥光栅用于生成Al，Ag，Au，Cu和Pd的等离激元色散图。令人惊讶的是，在某些激发条件下，Cu和Al的SPP耦合效率超过了广泛使用的等离子体材料。此外，由于极窄的SPP共振（最小半峰全宽<6 nm或7 meV），掠射角激发导致在光频率下具有最高的折射率灵敏度（品质因数> 85）。最后，我们的筛选过程表明，具有最高灵敏度的Ag不一定是检测分子的首选材料。我们发现，Au甚至Pd（一种弱等离子材料）在形成蛋白质单层时显示出可比的折射率变化。

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