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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Massive amplification of rolling-circle transposons in the lineage of the bat Myotis lucifugus
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Massive amplification of rolling-circle transposons in the lineage of the bat Myotis lucifugus

机译：蝙蝠Myotis lucifugus谱系中滚动转座子的大规模扩增

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摘要

Rolling-circle (RC) transposons, or Helitrons, are a newly recognized group of eukaryotic transposable elements abundant in the genomes of plants, invertebrates, and zebrafish. We provide evidence for the colonization of a mammalian genome by Helitrons, which has not been reported previously. We identified and characterized two families of Helitrons in the little brown bat Myotis lucifugus. The consensus sequence for the first family, HeliBat1, displays the hallmarks of an autonomous Helitron, including coding capacity for an ≈1,500-aa protein with an RC replication motif and a region related to the SF1 superfamily of DNA helicases. The HeliBatN1 family is a nonautonomous Helitron family that is only distantly related to HeliBati. The two HeliBat families have attained high copy numbers ( ≈15,000 and > 100,000 copies, respectively) and make up at least ≈3% of the M. lucifugus genome. Sequence divergence and cross-species analyses indicate that both HeliBat families have amplified within the last 30-36 million years and are restricted to the lineage of vesper bats. We could not detect the presence of Helitrons in any other order of placental mammals, despite the broad representation of these taxa in the databases. We describe an instance of HeliBat-mediated transduc-tion of a host gene fragment that was subsequently dispersed in ≈1,000 copies throughout the M. lucifugus genome. Given the demonstrated propensity of RC transposons to mediate the duplication and shuffling of host genes in bacteria and maize, it is tempting to speculate that the massive amplification of Helitrons in vesper bats has influenced the evolutionary trajectory of these mammals.
机译：滚圆（RC）转座子或Helitron是新近公认的一组真核生物可转座元件，在植物，无脊椎动物和斑马鱼的基因组中含量很高。我们为Helitrons提供了一个哺乳动物基因组定殖的证据，这以前没有报道。我们在小棕蝙蝠Myotis lucifugus中鉴定并鉴定了两个Helitrons家族。第一个家族的HeliBat1共有序列显示了自主Helitron的标志，包括具有RC复制基序的≈1,500-aa蛋白的编码能力以及与DNA解旋酶的SF1超家族相关的区域。 HeliBatN1家族是一个非自治的Helitron家族，仅与HeliBati有很远的关系。两个HeliBat家族获得了高拷贝数（分别为≈15,000和> 100,000拷贝），并构成了lucifugus基因的至少≈3％。序列差异和跨物种分析表明，两个HeliBat家族在过去30-36百万年间均已扩增，并且仅限于vesper蝙蝠的血统。尽管数据库中这些分类单元的广泛表示，但我们无法检测到任何其他顺序的胎盘哺乳动物都存在Helitrons。我们描述了一个宿主基因片段的HeliBat介导的转导实例，该片段随后分散在整个M. lucifugus基因组中约1,000个拷贝中。考虑到RC转座子在细菌和玉米中介导宿主基因的复制和改组的倾向，人们很容易推测，vesper蝙蝠中Helitron的大量扩增影响了这些哺乳动物的进化轨迹。

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