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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Increased genetic variation and evolutionary potential drive the success of an invasive grass
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Increased genetic variation and evolutionary potential drive the success of an invasive grass

机译：遗传变异和进化潜力的增加推动了入侵草的成功

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Despite the increasing biological and economic impacts of invasive species, little is known about the evolutionary mechanisms that favor geographic range expansion and evolution of invasiveness in introduced species. Here, we focus on the invasive wetland grass Phalaris arundinacea L. and document the evolutionary consequences that resulted from multiple and uncontrolled introductions into North America of genetic material native to different European regions. Continental-scale genetic variation occurring in reed canarygrass' European range has been reshuffled and recom-bined within North American introduced populations, giving rise to a number of novel genotypes. This process alleviated genetic bottlenecks throughout reed canarygrass' introduced range, including in peripheral populations, where depletion of genetic diversity is expected and is observed in the native range. Moreover, reed canarygrass had higher genetic diversity and heritable phenotypic variation in its invasive range relative to its native range. The resulting high evolutionary potential of invasive populations allowed for rapid selection of genotypes with higher vegetative colonization ability and phenotypic plasticity Our results show that repeated introductions of a single species may inadvertently create harmful invaders with high adaptive potential. Such invasive species may be able to evolve in response to changing climate, allowing them to have increasing impact on native communities and ecosystems in the future. Mpre generally, multiple immigration events may thus trigger future adaptation and geographic spread of a species population by preventing genetic bottlenecks and generating genetic novelties through recombination.
机译：尽管入侵物种对生物和经济的影响日益增加，但对于促进地理范围扩展和引入物种中入侵性进化的进化机制知之甚少。在这里，我们着眼于入侵性湿地草Ph草（Phalaris arundinacea L.），并记录了源自北美洲的多种欧洲来源的​​遗传物质多次无节制地引入北美引起的进化后果。在北美引入的种群中，金丝雀在欧洲范围内发生的大陆规模遗传变异已被改组并重组，从而产生了许多新颖的基因型。这一过程减轻了整个芦苇金丝雀引入范围内的遗传瓶颈，包括在外围种群中，遗传多样性预计会耗尽并且在天然范围内观察到。此外，相对于其天然范围，芦苇金丝雀草具有更高的遗传多样性和可遗传的表型变异。入侵种群产生的高进化潜力允许快速选择具有更高营养定殖能力和表型可塑性的基因型。我们的结果表明，重复引入单个物种可能会无意间产生具有高适应潜力的有害入侵者。这种入侵物种可能能够响应气候变化而进化，从而使它们将来对当地社区和生态系统的影响越来越大。一般说来，多重移民事件可能因此通过防止遗传瓶颈和通过重组产生遗传新奇而触发物种种群的未来适应和地理扩散。

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