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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Sustainable fuel for the transportation sector
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Sustainable fuel for the transportation sector

机译：交通运输业的可持续燃料

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A hybrid hydrogen-carbon (H_2CAR) process for the production of liquid hydrocarbon fuels is proposed wherein biomass is the carbon source and hydrogen is supplied from carbon-free energy. To implement this concept, a process has been designed to co-feed a biomass gasifier with H_2 and CO_2 recycled from the H_2-CO to liquid conversion reactor. Modeling of this biomass to liquids process has identified several major advantages of the H_2CAR process. (ⅰ) The land area needed to grow the biomass is < 40% of that needed by other routes that solely use biomass to support the entire transportation sector. (ⅱ) Whereas the literature estimates known processes to be able to produce ≈ 30% of the United States transportation fuel from the annual biomass of 1.366 billion tons, the H_2CAR process shows the potential to supply the entire United States transportation sector from that quantity of biomass. (ⅲ) The synthesized liquid provides H_2 storage in an open loop system, (ⅳ) Reduction to practice of the H_2CAR route has the potential to provide the transportation sector for the foreseeable future, using the existing infrastructure. The rationale of using H_2 in the H_2CAR process is explained by the significantly higher annualized average solar energy conversion efficiency for hydrogen generation versus that for biomass growth. For coal to liquids, the advantage of H_2CAR is that there is no additional CO_2 release to the atmosphere due to the replacement of petroleum with coal, thus eliminating the need to sequester CO_2.
机译：提出了一种用于生产液态烃燃料的混合氢-碳（H_2CAR）工艺，其中生物质是碳源，而氢气则由无碳能源提供。为了实现该概念，已经设计了一种方法，以将生物质气化炉与从H_2-CO再循环的H_2和CO_2共进料到液体转化反应器中。将该生物质转化为液体的模型已经确定了H_2CAR过程的几个主要优点。 （ⅰ）生长生物质所需的土地面积小于仅使用生物质来支持整个运输部门的其他路线所需土地面积的40％。 （ⅱ）文献估计，已知的方法能够从每年13.66亿吨的生物量中产生约30％的美国运输燃料，而H_2CAR方法显示出从这一数量的石油中可以为整个美国运输部门供应的潜力。生物质。 （ⅲ）合成液体在开环系统中提供H_2的存储；（ⅳ）减少使用H_2CAR路线的潜力，可以利用现有基础设施在可预见的将来提供运输部门。在H_2CAR过程中使用H_2的基本原理是，氢气产生的年平均太阳能转化效率显着高于生物质增长的年平均太阳能转化效率。对于将煤转化为液体，H_2CAR的优势在于，由于用煤代替石油，因此没有额外的CO_2释放到大气中，因此消除了隔离CO_2的需要。

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