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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Evolution of nematode-trapping cells of predatory fungi of the Orbiliaceae based on evidence from rRNA-encoding DNA and multiprotein sequences
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Evolution of nematode-trapping cells of predatory fungi of the Orbiliaceae based on evidence from rRNA-encoding DNA and multiprotein sequences

机译：基于编码rRNA的DNA和多蛋白序列的证据，虎草科捕食性真菌的线虫捕获细胞的进化

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摘要

Among fungi, the basic life strategies are saprophytism, parasitism, and predation. Fungi in Orbiliaceae (Ascomycota) prey on animals by means of specialized trapping structures. Five types of trapping devices are recognized, but their evolutionary origins and divergence are not well understood. Based on comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of nucleotide sequences of three protein-coding genes (RNA polymerase II subunit gene, rpb2; elongation factor 1-α gene, ef1-α; and β tubulin gene, bt) and ribosomal DNA in the internal transcribed spacer region, we have demonstrated that the initial trapping structure evolved along two lineages yielding two distinct trapping mechanisms: one developed into constricting rings and the other developed into adhesive traps. Among adhesive trapping devices, the adhesive network separated from the others early and evolved at a steady and gentle speed. The adhesive knob evolved through stalk elongation, with a final development of nonconstricting rings. Our data suggest that the derived adhesive traps are at a highly differentiated stage. The development of trapping devices is felicitous proof of adaptive evolution.
机译：在真菌中，基本的生活策略是腐生，寄生和捕食。菊科（Ascomycota）中的真菌通过专门的诱捕结构捕食动物。人们认识到五种类型的诱捕装置，但对它们的进化起源和分歧却知之甚少。基于对系统内部转录间隔区中三个蛋白质编码基因（RNA聚合酶II亚基基因，rpb2，延伸因子1-α基因，ef1-α和β微管蛋白基因，bt）核苷酸序列和核糖体DNA的系统发育的全面系统分析，我们证明了初始诱集结构沿两个谱系演化，产生了两种截然不同的诱集机制：一种形成为收缩环，另一种形成为粘着剂。在胶粘剂捕获装置中，胶粘剂网络较早地与其他胶粘剂网络分离，并以稳定而缓慢的速度演化。粘性旋钮通过茎伸长而演变，最终形成非收缩环。我们的数据表明，衍生的胶粘剂陷阱处于高度分化的阶段。诱捕装置的发展是适应性进化的有力证明。

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