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Mechanical limits of viral capsids

机译:病毒衣壳的机械极限

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摘要

We studied the elastic properties and mechanical stability of viral capsids under external force-loading with computer simulations. Our approach allows the implementation of specific geometries corresponding to specific phages, such as φ29 and cowpea chlo-rotic mottle virus. We demonstrate how, in a combined numerical and experimental approach, the elastic parameters can be determined with high precision. The experimentally observed bimodal-ity of elastic spring constants is shown to be of geometrical origin, namely the presence of pentavalent units in the viral shell. We define a criterion for capsid breakage that explains well the experimentally observed rupture. From our numerics we find a crossover from γ~(2/3) to γ~(1/2) for the dependence of the rupture force on the Foppl-von Karman number, γ. For filled capsids, high internal pressures lead to a stronger destabilization for viruses with buckled ground states versus viruses with unbuckled ground states. Finally, we show how our numerically calculated energy maps can be used to extract information about the strength of protein-protein interactions from rupture experiments.
机译:我们用计算机模拟研究了外力作用下病毒衣壳的弹性和机械稳定性。我们的方法允许实现与特定噬菌体相对应的特定几何形状,例如φ29和cow豆绿叶斑驳病毒。我们演示了如何通过组合的数值和实验方法来高精度地确定弹性参数。实验观察到的弹性弹簧常数的双峰性具有几何起源,即病毒外壳中存在五价单元。我们定义了衣壳破损的标准,可以很好地解释实验观察到的破裂。从我们的数值中我们发现,断裂力与Foppl-von Karman数γ的关系从γ〜(2/3)到γ〜(1/2)。对于装满衣壳的壳体,较高的内部压力会导致具有弯曲基态的病毒比具有未弯曲基态的病毒更不稳定。最后,我们展示了如何使用数值计算的能量图从破裂实验中提取有关蛋白质相互作用的强度的信息。

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