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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Identification of a chloride ion binding site in Na~+/Cl~--dependent transporters
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Identification of a chloride ion binding site in Na~+/Cl~--dependent transporters

机译:鉴定Na〜+ / Cl〜依赖性转运蛋白中氯离子结合位点

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摘要

The recent determination of the crystal structure of the leucine transporter from Aquifex aeolicus (aaLeuT) has provided significant insights into the function of neurotransmittersodium sym-porters. Transport by aaLeuT is Cl~- independent, whereas many neurotransmittensodium symporters from higher organisms depend on Cl~- ions. However, the only Cl~- ion identified in the aaLeuT structure interacts with nonconserved residues in extracellular loops, and thus the relevance of this binding site is unclear. Here, we use calculations of pK_As and homology modeling to predict the location of a functionally important Cl~- binding site in serotonin transporter and other Cl~--dependent transporters. We validate our model through the site-directed mutagenesis of residues predicted to coordinate the Cl~- ion and through the observation of sequence conservation patterns in other Cl~--dependent transporters. The proposed site is located midway across the membrane and is formed by residues from transmembrane helices 2,6, and 7. It is close to the Na1 sodium binding site, thus providing an explanation for the coupling of Cl~- and Na~+ ions during transport. Other implications of the model are also discussed.
机译:最近对来自Aquifex aeolicus(aaLeuT)的亮氨酸转运蛋白的晶体结构的确定为神经递质钠共转运蛋白的功能提供了重要的见识。 aaLeuT的转运是独立于Cl〜-的,而来自高等生物的许多神经递质梭转运体则依赖Cl〜-离子。然而,在aaLeuT结构中鉴定出的唯一Cl-离子与细胞外环中的非保守残基相互作用,因此该结合位点的相关性尚不清楚。在这里,我们使用pK_As的计算和同源性模型来预测功能重要的Cl〜-结合位点在血清素转运蛋白和其他Cl〜依赖性转运蛋白中的位置。我们通过预测可以协调Cl〜-的残基的定点诱变以及通过观察其他Cl〜依赖的转运蛋白的序列保守模式来验证我们的模型。拟议的位点位于膜的中间,由跨膜螺旋2,6和7的残留物形成。它靠近Na1钠结合位点,因此为Cl〜-和Na〜+离子的偶联提供了解释。在运输过程中。还讨论了该模型的其他含义。

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