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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Genomics, biogeography, and the diversification of placental mammals
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Genomics, biogeography, and the diversification of placental mammals

机译：基因组学，生物地理学和胎盘哺乳动物的多样化

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摘要

Previous molecular analyses of mammalian evolutionary relationships involving a wide range of placental mammalian taxa have been restricted in size from one to two dozen gene loci and have not decisively resolved the basal branching order within Placen-talia. Here, on extracting from thousands of gene loci both their coding nucleotide sequences and translated amino acid sequences, we attempt to resolve key uncertainties about the ancient branching pattern of crown placental mammals. Focusing on ≈1,700 conserved gene loci, those that have the more slowly evolving coding sequences, and using maximum-likelihood, Bayesian inference, maximum parsimony, and neighbor-joining (NJ) phyloge-netic tree reconstruction methods, we find from almost all results that a clade (the southern Atlantogenata) composed of Af rotheria and Xenarthra is the sister group of all other (the northern Boreoeutheria) crown placental mammals, among boreoeuther-ians Rodentia groups with Lagomorpha, and the resultant Glires is close to Primates. Only the NJ tree for nucleotide sequences separates Rodentia (murids) first and then Lagomorpha (rabbit) from the other placental mammals. However, this nucleotide NJ tree still depicts Atlantogenata and Boreoeutheria but minus Rodentia and Lagomorpha. Moreover, the NJ tree for amino acid sequences does depict the basal separation to be between Atlantogenata and a Boreoeutheria that includes Rodentia and Lagomorpha. Crown placental mammalian diversification appears to be largely the result of ancient plate tectonic events that allowed time for convergent phenotypes to evolve in the descendant clades.
机译：以前涉及范围广泛的胎盘哺乳动物类群的哺乳动物进化关系的分子分析已被限制在从一到两个基因座的大小上，并且没有决定性地解决胎盘-塔利亚内部的基础分支顺序。在这里，从数千个基因位点中提取它们的编码核苷酸序列和翻译的氨基酸序列，我们试图解决关于冠状胎盘哺乳动物古老分支模式的关键不确定性。我们着眼于大约1,700个保守基因位点，这些基因位点具有更缓慢的编码序列，并使用最大似然，贝叶斯推断，最大简约性和邻居加入（NJ）系统遗传树重建方法，我们从几乎所有结果中都发现了这一点。包括Af rotheria和Xenarthra的进化枝（南部的Atlantogenata）是所有其他（北部Boreoeutheria）冠冕胎盘哺乳动物的姊妹群，它们是由腹腔虫群与Lagomorpha组成的啮齿类动物，而由此产生的Glires接近灵长类。仅NJ树的核苷酸序列会先将啮齿类动物（鼠类）和其他动物的胎盘哺乳动物（兔）分开。但是，该核苷酸NJ树仍然描绘了Atlantogenata和Boreoeutheria，但减去了Rodentia和Lagomorpha。此外，氨基酸序列的NJ树确实描述了在Atlantogenata与包括Rodentia和Lagomorpha的Boreoeutheria之间的基础分离。冠状胎盘哺乳动物的多样性似乎主要是古代板块构造事件的结果，该事件使得聚变表型有时间在后代进化。

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