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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >3D structure/function analysis of PilX reveals how minor pilins can modulate the virulence properties of type IV pili
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3D structure/function analysis of PilX reveals how minor pilins can modulate the virulence properties of type IV pili

机译：PilX的3D结构/功能分析揭示了较小的菌毛素如何调节IV型菌毛的毒性特性

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摘要

Type IV pili (Tfp) are widespread filamentous bacterial organelles that mediate multiple virulence-related phenotypes. They are composed mainly of pilin subunits, which are processed before filament assembly by dedicated prepilin peptidases. Other proteins processed by these peptidases, whose molecular nature and mode of action remain enigmatic, play critical roles in Tfp biology. We have performed a detailed structure/function analysis of one such protein, PilX from Neisseria meningitidis, which is crucial for formation of bacterial aggregates and adhesion to human cells. The x-ray crystal structure of PilX reveals the α/β roll fold shared by all pilins, and we show that this protein colocalizes with Tfp. These observations suggest that PilX is a minor, or low abundance, pilin that assembles within the filaments in a similar way to pilin. Deletion of a PilX distinctive structural element, which is predicted to be exposed on the filament surface, abolishes aggregation and adhesion. Our results support a model in which surface-exposed motifs in PilX subunits stabilize bacterial aggregates against the disruptive force of pilus retraction and illustrate how a minor pilus component can enhance the functional properties of pili of rather simple composition and structure.
机译：IV型菌毛（Tfp）是广泛的丝状细菌细胞器，可介导多种与毒力相关的表型。它们主要由菌毛蛋白亚基组成，其在长丝组装前由专用的菌毛蛋白肽酶处理。这些肽酶加工的其他蛋白质，其分子性质和作用方式仍然令人迷惑，在Tfp生物学中起着关键作用。我们已经对一种这样的蛋白质，来自脑膜炎奈瑟氏球菌的PilX进行了详细的结构/功能分析，这对于细菌聚集体的形成和对人细胞的粘附至关重要。 PilX的X射线晶体结构揭示了所有菌毛蛋白共有的α/β折叠，我们证明了该蛋白与Tfp共定位。这些观察结果表明，PilX是次要的或低丰度的菌毛蛋白，以类似于菌毛蛋白的方式在细丝内组装。预计会暴露在细丝表面的PilX独特结构元件的缺失，消除了聚集和粘附。我们的结果支持了一个模型，在该模型中，PilX亚基中的表面暴露基序稳定了细菌聚集体，抵抗菌毛回缩的破坏力，并说明了较小的菌毛成分如何可以增强组成和结构相当简单的菌毛的功能特性。

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