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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Category-specific attention for animals reflects ancestral priorities, not expertise
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Category-specific attention for animals reflects ancestral priorities, not expertise

机译：对动物的特定类别关注反映了祖先的优先事项，而不是专业知识

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摘要

Visual attention mechanisms are known to select information to process based on current goals, personal relevance, and lower-level features. Here we present evidence that human visual attention also includes a high-level category-specialized system that monitors animals in an ongoing manner. Exposed to alternations between complex natural scenes and duplicates with a single change (a change-detection paradigm), subjects are substantially faster and more accurate at detecting changes in animals relative to changes in all tested categories of inanimate objects, even vehicles, which they have been trained for years to monitor for sudden life-or-death changes in trajectory. This animate monitor-ing bias could not be accounted for by differences in lower-level visual characteristics, how interesting the target objects were, experience, or expertise, implicating mechanisms that evolved to direct attention differentially to objects by virtue of their membership in ancestrally important categories, regardless of their current utility.
机译：已知视觉注意力机制可以根据当前目标，个人相关性和较低级别的功能来选择要处理的信息。在这里，我们提供的证据表明，人类的视觉注意力还包括以持续的方式监视动物的高级类别专用系统。暴露于复杂的自然场景和具有单个更改的重复项之间的交替（更改检测范例），相对于他们测试的所有无生命物体（甚至是车辆）类别中的变化，对象在检测动物变化方面的速度明显更快，更准确。经过多年的培训，可以监测轨迹的生死突变。这种有生命力的监视偏差无法通过较低级别的视觉特征的差异，目标对象的有趣程度，经验或专业知识来解决，这暗示着由于其在祖先中的重要地位而逐渐将注意力转移到对象上的机制类别，无论其当前实用程序如何。

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