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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Chemical evolution: The mechanism of the formation of adenine under prebiotic conditions
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Chemical evolution: The mechanism of the formation of adenine under prebiotic conditions

机译：化学演化：益生元条件下腺嘌呤形成的机理

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摘要

Fundamental building blocks of life have been detected extrater-restrially, even in interstellar space, and are known to form nonenzymatically. Thus, the HCN pentamer, adenine (a base present in DNA and RNA), was first isolated in abiogenic experiments from an aqueous solution of ammonia and HCN in 1960. Although many variations of the reaction conditions giving adenine have been reported since then, the mechanistic details remain unexplored. Our predictions are based on extensive computations of sequences of reaction steps along several possible mechanistic routes. H_2O- or NH_3-catalyzed pathways are more favorable than uncatalyzed neutral or anionic alternatives, and they may well have been the major source of adenine on primitive earth. Our report provides a more detailed understanding of some of the chemical processes involved in chemical evolution, and a partial answer to the fundamental question of molecular biogenesis. Our investigation should trigger similar explorations of the detailed mechanisms of the abiotic formation of the remaining nucleic acid bases and other biologically relevant molecules.
机译：甚至在星际空间中，生命的基本组成部分都已在外星际被发现，并且已知是非酶形式形成的。因此，HCN五聚体腺嘌呤（DNA和RNA中存在的碱基）于1960年首先在非生物实验中从氨和HCN的水溶液中分离出来。尽管从那时起，已经报道了产生腺嘌呤的反应条件的许多变化，机械细节尚待探索。我们的预测是基于对沿几种可能的机理路线的反应步骤顺序的广泛计算。 H_2O-或NH_3-催化的途径比未催化的中性或阴离子替代者更有利，它们很可能已成为原始地球上腺嘌呤的主要来源。我们的报告提供了对一些涉及化学演化的化学过程的更详细的理解，并部分回答了分子生物发生的基本问题。我们的研究应引发对剩余核酸碱基和其他生物学相关分子非生物形成的详细机制的类似探索。

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