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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >How individual species structure diversity in tropical forests
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How individual species structure diversity in tropical forests

机译：热带森林中单个物种如何构成多样性

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摘要

A persistent challenge in ecology is to explain the high diversity of tree species in tropical forests. Although the role of species characteristics in maintaining tree diversity in tropical forests has been the subject of theory and debate for decades, spatial patterns in local diversity have not been analyzed from the viewpoint of individual species. To measure scale-dependent local diversity structures around individual species, we propose individual species-area relationships (ISAR), a spatial statistic that marries common species-area relationships with Ripley's K to measure the expected α diversity in circular neighborhoods with variable radius around an arbitrary individual of a target species. We use ISAR to investigate if and at which spatial scales individual species increase in tropical forests' local diversity (accumulators), decrease local diversity (repellers), or behave neutrally. Our analyses of data from Barro Colorado Island (Panama) and Sinharaja (Sri Lanka) reveal that individual species leave identifiable signatures on spatial diversity, but only on small spatial scales. Most species showed neutral behavior outside neighborhoods of 20 m. At short scales (<20 m), we observed, depending on the forest type, two strongly different roles of species: diversity repellers dominated at Barro Colorado Island and accumulators at Sinharaja. Nevertheless, we find that the two tropical forests lacked any key species structuring species diversity at larger scales, suggesting that "balanced" species-species interactions may be a characteristic of these species-rich forests. We anticipate our analysis method will be a starting point for more powerful investigations of spatial structures in diversity to promote a better understanding of biodiversity in tropical forests.
机译：生态学上的一项持续挑战是解释热带森林中树木种类的高度多样性。尽管几十年来，物种特征在维持热带森林树木多样性中的作用一直是理论和辩论的主题，但尚未从单个物种的角度分析局部多样性的空间格局。为了测量单个物种周围与尺度相关的局部多样性结构，我们提出了单个物种-区域关系（ISAR），一种将普通物种-区域关系与Ripley's K结合起来的空间统计数据，以测量在半径可变的圆形社区中预期的α多样性。目标物种的任意个体。我们使用ISAR调查热带森林的局部多样性（蓄积者），减少局部多样性（排斥者）或行为是否中立的单个物种是否在何种空间尺度上增加。我们对来自Barro Colorado Island（巴拿马）和Sinharaja（斯里兰卡）的数据的分析表明，单个物种在空间多样性上留下可识别的特征，但仅在较小的空间尺度上。大多数物种在20 m附近都表现出中性行为。在短尺度上（<20 m），我们观察到，根据森林类型的不同，物种具有两种截然不同的作用：在Barro Colorado Island占主导地位的多样性拒斥者和在Sinharaja处于蓄积者地位。然而，我们发现这两个热带森林缺乏任何在更大范围内构成物种多样性的关键物种，这表明“平衡”的物种-物种相互作用可能是这些物种丰富的森林的特征。我们预计我们的分析方法将成为更有效地研究多样性空间结构的起点，以促进对热带森林中生物多样性的更好理解。

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