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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Delayed leaf senescence induces extreme drought tolerance in a flowering plant
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Delayed leaf senescence induces extreme drought tolerance in a flowering plant

机译：叶片衰老延迟导致开花植物极度干旱

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摘要

Drought, the most prominent threat to agricultural production worldwide, accelerates leaf senescence, leading to a decrease in canopy size, loss in photosynthesis and reduced yields. On the basis of the assumption that senescence is a type of cell death program that could be inappropriately activated during drought, we hypothesized that it may be possible to enhance drought tolerance by delaying drought-induced leaf senescence. We generated transgenic plants expressing an isopentenyltransferase gene driven by a stress- and maturation-induced promoter. Remarkably, the suppression of drought-induced leaf senescence resulted in outstanding drought tolerance as shown by, among other responses, vigorous growth after a long drought period that killed the control plants. The transgenic plants maintained high water contents and retained photosynthetic activity (albeit at a reduced level) during the drought. Moreover, the transgenic plants displayed minimal yield loss when watered with only 30% of the amount of water used under control conditions. The production of drought-tolerant crops able to grow under restricted water regimes without diminution of yield would minimize drought-related losses and ensure food production in water-limited lands.
机译：干旱是全球农业生产面临的最主要威胁，干旱会加速叶片衰老，导致冠层尺寸减小，光合作用丧失和单产下降。基于衰老是一种可能在干旱期间不适当激活的细胞死亡程序的假设，我们假设可以通过延迟干旱诱导的叶片衰老来增强抗旱性。我们生成了表达异戊烯基转移酶基因的转基因植物，该基因受胁迫和成熟诱导的启动子驱动。值得注意的是，对干旱引起的叶片衰老的抑制导致了出色的干旱耐受性，这表现为除其他响应外，长期干旱杀死了对照植物后，生长旺盛。转基因植物在干旱期间保持高水分含量并保持光合作用活性（尽管水平降低）。而且，当在对照条件下仅用所用水量的30％浇水时，转基因植物显示出最小的产量损失。能够在有限的水量条件下生长而不会减少产量的耐旱作物的生产将使与干旱有关的损失最小化，并确保缺水土地的粮食生产。

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