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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Histamine is stored in mast cells of most evolutionary advanced fish and regulates the fish inflammatory response
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Histamine is stored in mast cells of most evolutionary advanced fish and regulates the fish inflammatory response

机译：组胺被储存在大多数进化晚期鱼类的肥大细胞中，并调节鱼类的炎症反应

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摘要

Mast cells are important as initiators and effectors of innate immunity and regulate the adaptive immune responses. They have been described in all classes of vertebrates and seem to be morphologically and functionally similar. However, early studies had shown that fish and amphibian mast cells were devoid of histamine. In this study, we take a fresh look at the evolution of histamine and find that the mast cells of fish belonging to the Perciformes order, the largest and most evolutionarily advanced order of teleosts, are armed with histamine. More importantly, histamine is biologically active in these fish where it is able to regulate the inflammatory response by acting on professional phagocytes. In addition, the actions of histamine in these immune cells seem to be mediated through the engagement of H_1 and H_2 receptors, which, together with the H_3 receptor, are well conserved in bony fish. We propose that the storage of histamine in vertebrate mast cells and its use as an inflammatory messenger was established in primitive reptiles (Lepidosauria) ≈276 million years ago. This same feature seems to have developed independently in Perciform fish much more recently in the Lower Eocene, between 55 and 45 million years ago, a short period during which the great majority of Percomorph families appeared.
机译：肥大细胞作为先天免疫的引发剂和效应子并调节适应性免疫应答很重要。它们已在所有类别的脊椎动物中得到描述，并且在形态和功能上似乎相似。但是，早期研究表明，鱼类和两栖肥大细胞中没有组胺。在这项研究中，我们重新审视了组胺的进化，发现属于Periaformes目（最大和进化最先进的硬骨鱼目）的鱼类肥大细胞都带有组胺。更重要的是，组胺在这些鱼类中具有生物活性，在这些鱼类中，组胺能够通过作用于专业吞噬细胞来调节炎症反应。此外，组胺在这些免疫细胞中的作用似乎是通过H_1和H_2受体的结合介导的，它们与H_3受体一起在骨鱼中被很好地保存。我们提议组建于脊椎动物肥大细胞中的组胺及其作为炎性信使的用途是在大约2.76亿年前的原始爬行动物（鳞翅目）中建立的。早在55至4500万年前的下始新世，Perciform鱼中就具有这种相同的特征，这是绝大多数Percomorph家族出现的短暂时期。

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