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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Between 'design' and 'bricolage': Genetic networks, levels of selection, and adaptive evolution
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Between 'design' and 'bricolage': Genetic networks, levels of selection, and adaptive evolution

机译：在“设计”与“折磨”之间：遗传网络，选择水平和适应性进化

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The extent to which "developmental constraints" in complex organisms restrict evolutionary directions remains contentious. Yet, other forms of internal constraint, which have received less attention, may also exist. It will be argued here that a set of partial constraints below the level of phenotypes, those involving genes and molecules, influences and channels the set of possible evolutionary trajectories. At the top-most organizational level there are the genetic network modules, whose operations directly underlie complex morphological traits. The properties of these network modules, however, have themselves been set by the evolutionary history of the component genes and their interactions. Characterization of the components, structures, and operational dynamics of specific genetic networks should lead to a better understanding not only of the morphological traits they underlie but of the biases that influence the directions of evolutionary change. Furthermore, such knowledge may permit assessment of the relative degrees of probability of short evolutionary trajectories, those on the micro-evolutionary scale. In effect, a "network perspective" may help transform evolutionary biology into a scientific enterprise with greater predictive capability than it has hitherto possessed.
机译：复杂生物中的“发展约束”在多大程度上限制了进化的方向仍然存在争议。但是，也可能存在较少受到关注的其他形式的内部约束。此处将论证，表型水平以下的一组局部约束，涉及基因和分子的部分约束，影响并引导了一组可能的进化轨迹。在组织的最高层，有遗传网络模块，其操作直接构成复杂的形态特征。但是，这些网络模块的属性本身是由组成基因及其相互作用的进化史决定的。特定遗传网络的组成部分，结构和运行动力学的表征不仅应使人们更好地了解其所基于的形态特征，而且还应了解影响进化变化方向的偏见。此外，这种知识可以允许评估在微进化尺度上的短进化轨迹的相对概率程度。实际上，“网络视角”可以帮助将进化生物学转变为具有比迄今为止更高的预测能力的科学事业。

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