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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Ancient polymorphism reveals unidirectional breeding system shifts
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Ancient polymorphism reveals unidirectional breeding system shifts

机译：古老的多态性揭示了单向育种系统的转变

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摘要

Loss of complex characters is thought to be irreversible (Dollo's law). However, hypotheses of irreversible evolution are remarkably difficult to test, especially when character transitions are frequent. In such cases, inference of ancestral states, in the absence of fossil evidence, is uncertain and represents the single greatest constraint for reconstructing the evolutionary history of characters. Breeding system character transitions are of particular interest because they affect the amount and distribution of genetic variation within species. Transitions from obligate outcrossing to partial or predominant self-fertilization are thought to represent one of the most common trends in flowering plants. We use the unique molecular genetic properties (manifested as deep persistent polymorphisms) of the locus that enforces outcrossing to demonstrate that its loss is irreversible in the plant family So-lanaceae. We argue that current phylogenetic methods of reconstruction are potentially inadequate in cases where ancestral state information is inferred by using only the phytogeny and the distribution of character states in extant taxa. This study shows in a statistical framework that a particular character transition is irreversible, consistent with Dollo's law.
机译：复杂字符的丢失被认为是不可逆的（Dollo定律）。但是，不可逆演变的假设非常难以检验，尤其是当字符转换频繁时。在这种情况下，在没有化石证据的情况下，祖先状态的推论是不确定的，并且代表了重构角色进化史的最大限制。育种系统的性状转换特别受关注，因为它们会影响物种内遗传变异的数量和分布。从专性杂交到部分或主要自体受精的过渡被认为是开花植物中最常见的趋势之一。我们使用强制异源的基因座的独特分子遗传学特性（表现为深层持久性多态性）来证明其损失在茄科植物科中是不可逆的。我们认为，在仅通过使用植物学和现存分类单元中性状态分布来推断祖先状态信息的情况下，当前的重建系统发育方法可能不充分。这项研究在统计框架中显示，特定字符转换是不可逆的，符合Dollo定律。

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