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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >You can't always get what you want: Conservation planning with feedback effects
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You can't always get what you want: Conservation planning with feedback effects

机译：您不能总是得到想要的东西：具有反馈效果的保护规划

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摘要

Without careful thought, policies to promote a goal can end up doing less good than intended and, in extreme cases, can do more harm than good. Actions lead to reactions, namely, changes in human behavior or in biological or physical processes. Such reactions often cause unintended consequences that can render policies inefficient and ineffective. Some unintended consequences are hard to anticipate and incorporate into planning. Others are almost entirely predictable, although recognition of unintended consequences may require a shift in perspective, either from new insights or from the combination of knowledge from separate disciplines. In this issue of PNAS, Armsworth et al. (1) combine economic analysis of land markets with conservation planning to show how the unintended consequences of buying land for conservation lead to negative feedbacks on conservation objectives. Buying land for conservation increases land prices. With the consequent changes in behavior of other land buyers and landowners, development may not be forestalled as much as shifted. In the extreme, these feedbacks may lead to the paradox of less conservation being accomplished with conservation land purchases than without.
机译：如果没有仔细考虑，促进目标的政策最终可能会弊大于利，在极端情况下，弊大于利。行动导致反应，即人类行为或生物或物理过程的变化。这种反应通常会导致意想不到的后果，从而使政策效率低下。一些意想不到的后果很难预料，无法纳入计划中。其他的几乎是完全可以预见的，尽管要认识到意外的后果可能需要改变观点，无论是来自新的见解还是来自不同学科的知识的结合。在本期PNAS中，Armsworth等人。 （1）将土地市场的经济分析与保护规划相结合，以显示购买土地用于保护的意外后果如何导致对保护目标的负面反馈。购买土地进行保护会增加土地价格。随着其他土地购买者和土地所有者行为的改变，发展可能不会像转移的那样受到阻碍。在极端情况下，这些反馈可能会导致自相矛盾的事实，那就是购买保护性土地要比没有保护性土地少。

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