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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Glucocorticoid enhancement of memory requires arousal-induced noradrenergic activation in the basolateral amygdala
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Glucocorticoid enhancement of memory requires arousal-induced noradrenergic activation in the basolateral amygdala

机译：糖皮质激素增强记忆需要唤醒在基底外侧杏仁核中诱发的去甲肾上腺素能激活

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摘要

Considerable evidence indicates that glucocorticoid hormones enhance the consolidation of long-term memories for emotionally arousing experiences but not that for less arousing or neutral information. However, previous studies have not determined the basis of such arousal-induced selectivity. Here we report the finding that endogenous noradrenergic activation of the basolateral complex of the amygdala (BLA) induced by emotional arousal is essential in enabling glucocorticoid memory enhancement. Corticosterone administered immediately after object recognition training enhanced 24-h memory of native male rats but not that of rats previously habituated to the training context in order to reduce novelty-induced emotional arousal. The beta-adrenoceptor antagonist propranolol administered either systemically or into the BLA blocked the corticosterone-induced memory enhancement. Further, in habituated rats, corticosterone activated BLA neurons, as assessed by phosphorylated cAMP response element binding (pCREB) immunoreactivity levels, and enhanced memory only when norepinephrine release was stimulated by administration of the alpha(2)-adrenoceptor antagonist yohimbine. These findings strongly suggest that synergistic actions of glucocorticoids and emotional arousal-induced noradrenergic activation of the BILA constitute a neural mechanism by which glucocorticoids may selectively enhance memory consolidation for emotionally arousing experiences.
机译：大量证据表明，糖皮质激素可增强长期记忆的巩固作用，以增强情感体验，但不能增强较少唤起或中性的信息。但是，先前的研究尚未确定这种唤醒诱导的选择性的基础。在这里，我们报告的发现，内在的去甲肾上腺素能激活情绪刺激引起的杏仁核基底外侧复合体（BLA）在糖皮质激素记忆增强中至关重要。对象识别训练后立即给予的皮质酮可增强天然雄性大鼠的24小时记忆，但先前习惯于训练环境的大鼠则不能增强其24小时记忆，以减少新颖性引起的情绪唤醒。 β肾上腺素能受体拮抗剂普萘洛尔可全身或向BLA给药，可阻断皮质酮诱导的记忆增强。此外，在习惯的大鼠中，通过磷酸化的cAMP反应元件结合（pCREB）免疫反应性水平评估，皮质酮激活BLA神经元，并且仅当通过施用alpha（2）-肾上腺素受体拮抗剂育亨宾刺激去甲肾上腺素释放时，记忆增强。这些发现强烈表明，糖皮质激素的协同作用和情绪唤醒引起的去甲肾上腺素能激活构成了一种神经机制，糖皮质激素可以通过这种神经机制选择性地增强记忆巩固，从而激发情绪。

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