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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Economic, neurobiological, and behavioral perspectives on building America's future workforce
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Economic, neurobiological, and behavioral perspectives on building America's future workforce

机译：建立美国未来劳动力队伍的经济，神经生物学和行为观点

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摘要

A growing proportion of the U.S. workforce will have been raised in disadvantaged environments that are associated with relatively high proportions of individuals with diminished cognitive and social skills. A cross-disciplinary examination of research in economics, developmental psychology, and neurobiology reveals a striking convergence on a set of common principles that account for the potent effects of early environment on the capacity for human skill development. Central to these principles are the findings that early experiences have a uniquely powerful influence on the development of cognitive and social skills and on brain architecture and neurochemistry, that both skill development and brain maturation are hierarchical processes in which higher level functions depend on, and build on, lower level functions, and that the capacity for change in the foundations of human skill development and neural circuitry is highest earlier in life and decreases over time. These findings lead to the conclusion that the most efficient strategy for strengthening the future workforce, both economically and neurobiologically, and improving its quality of life is to invest in the environments of disadvantaged children during the early childhood years.
机译：在不利的环境中，越来越多的美国劳动力将被培养出来，而这些环境与认知和社交技能下降的个人比例相对较高。对经济学，发展心理学和神经生物学研究的跨学科研究表明，在一系列共同原则上取得了惊人的融合，这些共同原则解释了早期环境对人类技能发展能力的强大影响。这些原则的核心是以下发现：早期经验对认知和社交技能的发展以及大脑结构和神经化学具有独特的强大影响，技能发展和大脑成熟都是等级过程，更高层次的功能依赖于此较低级别的功能，并且人类技能发展和神经电路基础的变化能力在生命的早期是最高的，并且随着时间的推移而降低。这些发现得出的结论是，从经济和神经生物学方面加强未来劳动力的最有效策略，并改善其生活质量，是在幼儿期投资于弱势儿童的环境。

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