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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Sympatric speciation under incompatibility selection
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Sympatric speciation under incompatibility selection

机译：不相容选择下的同胞形态

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The existing theory of sympatric speciation assumes that a local population splits into two species under one-dimensional disruptive selection, which favors both of the opposite extreme values of a quantitative trait. Here we model sympatric speciation under selection that favors high values of either of the two independently inherited traits, each required to efficiently consume one of the two available resources, but acts, because of a tradeoff, against those possessing high values of both traits. Such two-dimensional incompatibility selection is similar to that involved in allopatric speciation. Using a hypergeometric phenotypic model, we show that incompatibility selection readily leads to sympatric speciation. In contrast to disruptive selection, two distinct modes of sympatric speciation exist under incompatibility selection: under strong tradeoffs both of the new species are specialists, each consuming its own resource, but under moderate tradeoffs speciation may be asymmetric and involve the origin of a specialist and a generalist species. Also, incompatibility selection may lead to irreversible specialization: under strong tradeoffs, the population speciates if it consists mostly of unspecialized individuals, but remains undivided if most of the individuals are specialized to consume one of the resources. Incompatibility selection appears to be more realistic than disruptive selection, implying that incompatibility between individually adaptive alleles or trait states drives both allopatric and sympatric speciation.
机译：现有的同族物种形成理论假设在一维破坏性选择下，本地种群分裂为两个物种，这有利于数量特征的两个相反的极值。在这里，我们对选择下的同胞形态进行建模，该形态偏向于支持两个独立继承的特征之一的高价值，每个特征都需要有效地消耗两个可用资源中的一个，但是由于要权衡，因此对具有两个特征的高价值的人采取行动。这种二维不兼容性选择类似于异源物种形成中的选择。使用超几何表型模型，我们表明不兼容的选择很容易导致同胞形态。与破坏性选择相反，在不兼容选择下存在两种不同的同胞物种形成模式：在强烈的权衡下，两个新物种都是专家，每个人都消耗自己的资源，但在中等的权衡下，物种形成可能是不对称的，并且涉及专家的起源。多才多艺的物种。同样，不兼容的选择可能会导致不可逆的专业化：在强大的权衡下，人口要确定其是否主要由非专业化的个人组成，但如果大多数人都专门化以消耗其中一种资源，那么他们将保持分裂。不相容选择似乎比破坏性选择更为现实，这意味着个体适应性等位基因或性状状态之间的不相容驱动异源性和同生性物种形成。

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