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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Rabs and their effectors: Achieving specificity in membrane traffic
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Rabs and their effectors: Achieving specificity in membrane traffic

机译：刺及其效应子：实现膜运输的特异性

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摘要

Rab proteins constitute the largest branch of the Ras GTPase superfamily. Rabs use the guanine nucleotide-dependent switch mechanism common to the superfamily to regulate each of the four major steps in membrane traffic: vesicle budding, vesicle delivery, vesicle tethering, and fusion of the vesicle membrane with that of the target compartment. These different tasks are carried out by a diverse collection of effector molecules that bind to specific Rabs in their GTP-bound state. Recent advances have not only greatly extended the number of known Rab effectors, but have also begun to define the mechanisms underlying their distinct functions. By binding to the guanine nucleotide exchange proteins that activate the Rabs certain effectors act to establish positive feedback loops that help to define and maintain tightly localized domains of activated Rab proteins, which then serve to recruit other effector molecules. Additionally, Rab cascades and Rab conversions appear to confer directionality to membrane traffic and couple each stage of traffic with the next along the pathway.
机译：Rab蛋白构成Ras GTPase超家族的最大分支。肋排使用超家族通用的鸟嘌呤核苷酸依赖性开关机制来调节膜运输的四个主要步骤中的每个步骤：囊泡出芽，囊泡递送，囊泡束缚以及囊泡膜与靶区室的融合。这些不同的任务是通过效应分子的各种集合来完成的，这些效应分子以GTP结合状态结合特定的Rab。最近的进展不仅大大扩展了已知的Rab效应子的数量，而且还开始定义其独特功能的机制。通过与激活Rabs的鸟嘌呤核苷酸交换蛋白结合，某些效应子可起到建立正反馈环的作用，从而帮助定义和维持激活的Rab蛋白的紧密定位域，然后再募集其他效应子分子。另外，Rab级联和Rab转化似乎赋予膜运输量方向性，并将运输的每个阶段与沿路径的下一阶段耦合。

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