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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Climate variability has a stabilizing effect on the coexistence of prairie grasses
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Climate variability has a stabilizing effect on the coexistence of prairie grasses

机译：气候多变性对草原草的共存具有稳定作用

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摘要

How expected increases in climate variability will affect species diversity depends on the role of such variability in regulating the coexistence of competing species. Despite theory linking temporal environmental fluctuations with the maintenance of diversity, the importance of climate variability for stabilizing coexistence remains unknown because of a lack of appropriate long-term observations. Here, we analyze three decades of demographic data from a Kansas prairie to demonstrate that interannual climate variability promotes the coexistence of three common grass species. Specifically, we show that (i) the dynamics of the three species satisfy all requirements of "storage effect" theory based on recruitment variability with overlapping generations, (it) climate variables are correlated with interannual variation in species performance, and (fit) temporal variability increases low-density growth rates, buffering these species against competitive exclusion. Given that environmental fluctuations are ubiquitous in natural systems, our results suggest that coexistence based on the storage effect may be underappreciated and could provide an important alternative to recent neutral theories of diversity. Field evidence for positive effects of variability on coexistence also emphasizes the need to consider changes in both climate means and variances when forecasting the effects of global change on species diversity.
机译：气候变率的预期增加将如何影响物种多样性，取决于这种变率在调节竞争物种共存中的作用。尽管理论上将暂时的环境波动与维持多样性联系在一起，但由于缺乏适当的长期观测，气候变化对于稳定共存的重要性仍然未知。在这里，我们分析了堪萨斯州大草原的三十年人口统计数据，以证明年际气候变化促进了三种常见草种的共存。具体而言，我们表明（i）这三种物种的动力学满足了基于具有重叠世代的募集变异性的“存储效应”理论的所有要求，（它）气候变量与物种表现的年际变化相关，并且（适合）时间变异性增加了低密度生长速率，从而缓冲了这些物种免受竞争排斥。考虑到自然环境中普遍存在环境波动，我们的结果表明，基于存储效应的共存可能未得到充分重视，并且可以为最近的中立多样性理论提供重要的替代方法。可变性对共存产生积极影响的实地证据还强调，在预测全球变化对物种多样性的影响时，必须考虑气候均值和方差的变化。

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