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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Stress-induced enhancement of leukocyte trafficking into sites of surgery or immune activation
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Stress-induced enhancement of leukocyte trafficking into sites of surgery or immune activation

机译：应激诱导白细胞向手术或免疫激活部位转运的增强

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Effective immunoprotection requires rapid recruitment of leukocytes into sites of surgery, wounding, infection, or vaccination. In contrast to immunosuppressive chronic stressors, short-term acute stressors have immunoenhancing effects. Here, we quantify leukocyte infiltration within a surgical sponge to elucidate the kinetics, magnitude, subpopulation, and chemoattractant specificity of an acute stress-induced increase in leukocyte trafficking to a site of immune activation. Mice acutely stressed before sponge implantation showed 200-300% higher neutrophil, macrophage, natural killer cell, and T cell infiltration than did nonstressed animals. We also quantified the effects of acute stress on lymphotactin- (LTN; a predominantly lymphocyte-specific chemokine), and TNF-α- (a proinflammatory cytokine) stimulated leukocyte infiltration. An additional stress-induced increase in infiltration was observed for neutrophils, in response to TNF-α, macrophages, in response to TNF-α and LTN, and natural killer cells and T cells in response to LTN. These results show that acute stress initially increases trafficking of all major leukocyte subpopulations to a site of immune activation. Tissue damage-, antigen-, or pathogen-driven chemoat-tractants subsequently determine which subpopulations are recruited more vigorously. Such stress-induced increases in leukocyte trafficking may enhance immunoprotection during surgery, vaccination, or infection, but may also exacerbate immunopathology during inflammatory (cardiovascular disease or gingivitis) or autoimmune (psoriasis, arthritis, or multiple sclerosis) diseases.
机译：有效的免疫保护要求白细胞迅速募集到手术，伤口，感染或疫苗接种部位。与免疫抑制慢性应激源相反，短期急性应激源具有免疫增强作用。在这里，我们量化外科海绵中的白细胞浸润，以阐明急性应激诱导的白细胞向免疫激活位点转运的急性增加的动力学，幅度，亚群和趋化性特异性。海绵植入前承受强烈压力的小鼠的中性粒细胞，巨噬细胞，自然杀伤细胞和T细胞的浸润比未受压的动物高200-300％。我们还量化了急性应激对淋巴动蛋白-（LTN；主要为淋巴细胞特异性趋化因子）和TNF-α-（促炎性细胞因子）刺激的白细胞浸润的影响。对于TNF-α，嗜中性白细胞，针对TNF-α和LTN的巨噬细胞，以及针对LTN的天然杀伤细胞和T细胞，还观察到了压力诱导的浸润增加。这些结果表明，急性应激最初会增加所有主要白细胞亚群向免疫激活位点的运输。组织损伤，抗原或病原体驱动的趋化因子随后确定了哪些子种群被更强烈地募集。这种应激诱导的白细胞运输的增加可能会增强手术，疫苗接种或感染过程中的免疫保护，但也可能加剧炎性（心血管疾病或齿龈炎）或自身免疫性疾病（牛皮癣，关节炎或多发性硬化症）期间的免疫病理。

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