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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Coevolutionary arms races between bacteria and bacteriophage
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Coevolutionary arms races between bacteria and bacteriophage

机译：细菌和噬菌体之间的共同进化军备竞赛

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摘要

We propose a computational and theoretical framework for analyzing rapid coevolutionary dynamics of bacteriophage and bacteria in their ecological context. Bacteriophage enter host cells via membrane-bound surface receptors often responsible for nutrient uptake. As such, a selective pressure will exist for the bacteria to modify its receptor configuration and, in turn, for the phage to modify its tail fiber. A mathematical model of these trait adaptations is developed by using the framework of adaptive dynamics. Host strains differ in their efficiency of resource uptake and resistance to phage, whereas phage strains differ in their host preference for adsorption. We solve the evolutionary ecology model and find the conditions for coevolutionary branching and relevant dimensionless parameters leading to distinct quasispecies. We confirm these calculations using stochastic Monte Carlo simulations of populations evolving in a chemostat with fixed washout rate and inflow resource density. We find that multiple quasispecies of bacteria and phage can coexist in a homogeneous medium with a single resource. When diversification occurs, quasispecies of phage adsorb effectively to only a limited subset of the total number of quasispecies of bacteria, i.e., functional differences between quasispecies arise enclogenously within the evolutionary ecology framework. Finally, we discuss means to relate predictions of this model to experimental studies in the chemostat, using the model organisms Escherichia coli and the virulent strain of A phage.
机译：我们提出了一个计算和理论框架，用于分析噬菌体和细菌在其生态环境中的快速协同进化动力学。噬菌体通过通常负责营养吸收的膜结合表面受体进入宿主细胞。这样，对于细菌来说，存在选择压力来改变其受体构型，而对于噬菌体来说，则存在选择压力来改变其尾纤维。通过使用自适应动力学框架，开发了这些特征适应的数学模型。宿主菌株的资源吸收效率和对噬菌体的抗性不同，而噬菌体菌株的宿主对吸附的偏好不同。我们解决了进化生态学模型，找到了共同进化分支的条件以及导致不同准种的相关无量纲参数。我们使用具有固定洗脱率和流入资源密度的化学恒化池中进化的种群的随机蒙特卡洛模拟来证实这些计算。我们发现细菌和噬菌体的多种准种可以在具有单一资源的均质培养基中共存。当发生多样化时，噬菌体的准种仅有效吸附到细菌准种总数的有限子集中，即，准种之间的功能差异在进化生态学框架内封闭地产生。最后，我们讨论了使用模型生物大肠杆菌和A噬菌体的强毒株将这种模型的预测与化学恒温器中的实验研究联系起来的方法。

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