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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Emergent patterns of growth controlled by multicellular form and mechanics
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Emergent patterns of growth controlled by multicellular form and mechanics

机译：多细胞形态和力学控制的新兴生长模式

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Spatial patterns of cellular growth generate mechanical stresses that help to push, fold, expand, and deform tissues into their specific forms. Genetic factors are thought to specify patterns of growth and other behaviors to drive morphogenesis. Here, we show that tissue form itself can feed back to regulate patterns of proliferation. Using microfabrication to control the organization of sheets of cells, we demonstrated the emergence of stable patterns of proliferative foci. Regions of concentrated growth corresponded to regions of high tractional stress generated within the sheet, as predicted by a finite-element model of multicellular mechanics and measured directly by using a micromechanical force sensor array. Inhibiting actomyosin-based tension or cadherin-mediated connections between cells disrupted the spatial pattern of proliferation. These findings demonstrate the existence of patterns of mechanical forces that originate from the contraction of cells, emerge from their multicellular organization, and result in patterns of growth. Thus, tissue form is not only a consequence but also an active regulator of tissue growth.
机译：细胞生长的空间模式会产生机械应力，该机械应力有助于推动，折叠，扩展组织并使它们变形为特定形式。人们认为遗传因素可以指定生长方式和其他行为来驱动形态发生。在这里，我们表明组织形式本身可以反馈以调节增殖模式。使用微细加工来控制细胞片的组织，我们证明了增生病灶稳定模式的出现。集中生长的区域对应于片材内部产生的高牵引应力的区域，这是由多细胞力学的有限元模型预测的，并通过使用微机械力传感器阵列直接测量的。抑制细胞之间基于肌动球蛋白的张力或钙粘蛋白介导的连接破坏了增殖的空间模式。这些发现表明存在机械力的模式，这些机械力源自细胞的收缩，源自其多细胞组织，并导致生长的模式。因此，组织形式不仅是结果，而且是组织生长的活性调节剂。

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