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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Evolution of bird eggs in the absence of cuckoo parasitism.
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Evolution of bird eggs in the absence of cuckoo parasitism.

机译：在没有布谷鸟寄生虫的情况下鸟类卵的进化。

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摘要

Historical introductions of species into new habitats can create rare opportunities to test evolutionary hypotheses, such as the role of natural selection in maintaining traits. This study examines two independent introductions of the African village weaverbird (Ploceus cucullatus) to islands where selection on egg appearance traits is expected to differ markedly from that of the source populations. The color and spotting of village weaver eggs in Africa are highly consistent within clutches, but highly variable between individuals. These two features may be an evolutionary response to brood parasitism. In Africa, weavers are parasitized by each other and by the diederik cuckoo (Chrysococcyx caprius), an egg mimic. African village weavers were introduced one century ago to Mauritius, and over two centuries ago to Hispaniola. Both islands are devoid of egg-mimicking brood parasites. In these two populations, between-individual variation and within-clutch consistency in egg appearance have both decreased, as has the incidence of spotting, relative to the source populations in Africa. These reductions are more pronounced on Hispaniola, the earlier introduction. Such changes support the hypothesis that egg appearance in the African village weaver has been maintained by natural selection as a counteradaptation to cuckoo brood parasitism. These results illustrate that the removal of an agent of selection can sometimes bring about rapid evolutionary consequences.
机译：物种在新栖息地中的历史性引进可以创造罕见的机会来检验进化论假设，例如自然选择在维持性状中的作用。这项研究考察了非洲村庄韦弗鸟（Ploceus cucullatus）两次独立引入岛屿的情况，这些岛屿的卵外观特征选择与来源种群明显不同。非洲乡村织布蛋的颜色和斑点在不同的离合器中高度一致，但个体之间差异很大。这两个特征可能是对育雏寄生虫的进化反应。在非洲，编织工彼此寄生，并被模仿的卵杜鹃（Chrysococcyx caprius）寄生。非洲乡村织工于一个世纪前被引入毛里求斯，两个多世纪前被引入伊斯帕尼奥拉。这两个岛都没有模仿卵的寄生虫。在这两个种群中，相对于非洲的原始种群，个体之间的差异和卵外观的离合器内一致性都降低了，斑点的发生率也降低了。这些减少在较早推出的Hispaniola上更为明显。这种变化支持这样的假说，即非洲村庄织布工的卵外观通过自然选择得以维持，以杜鹃布谷鸟寄生。这些结果说明，去除选择剂有时会带来快速的进化后果。

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