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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Variable ecological effects of hurricanes: The importance of seasonal timing for survival of lizards on Bahamian islands
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Variable ecological effects of hurricanes: The importance of seasonal timing for survival of lizards on Bahamian islands

机译：飓风的不同生态影响：季节性时机对巴哈马群岛蜥蜴生存的重要性

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摘要

Two recent hurricanes passed directly over the northern Bahamas 2 years apart, allowing a comparison of their effects on lizard populations inhabiting exactly the same islands. The hurricanes differed in two ways: one struck during the reproductive season and was relatively severe; the other struck after most reproduction had taken place and was milder. The late-season hurricane produced a significant relation between population reduction and lowness of the island that lasted at least through two seasons; the earlier hurricane produced no such relationship. The late-season hurricane wiped out populations of lizards on two islands (two of the three lowest) that the earlier hurricane failed to exterminate even though it was stronger. We relate these effects to the fact that the study lizards regenerated from the earlier hurricane only via the egg stage, whereas eggs were unavailable when the later storm struck and regeneration was via hatched lizards. We discriminate and illustrate four kinds of hurricanes, cross-classified by two contrasts: earlier vs. later and stronger vs. weaker. A later, stronger hurricane completely exterminated lizard populations at a second Bahamian site, whereas an earlier, weaker hurricane had no detectable effect at a third Bahamian site. We suggest that, in addition to severity, the timing of a hurricane as it coincides with reproductive scheduling or other phenological aspects may determine the magnitude of its effect on a variety of organisms.
机译：相距2年，最近发生的两次飓风直接在巴哈马北部上空传播，可以比较它们对居住在完全相同的岛屿上的蜥蜴种群的影响。飓风有两种不同的方式：一种是在繁殖季节发生的，而且比较严重。另一只在大多数繁殖发生后才出现，并且比较温和。季末飓风在人口减少与至少持续两个季节的岛屿低度之间产生了重要的联系。早期的飓风没有产生这种关系。季末飓风消灭了两个岛上的蜥蜴种群（三个最低岛中的两个），尽管更强，但较早的飓风并没有消除。我们将这些影响与以下事实联系在一起：研究蜥蜴仅通过卵期从较早的飓风中再生，而后来风暴袭击并通过孵化的蜥蜴则无法获得卵。我们区分并说明了四种飓风，它们通过两种对比进行交叉分类：较早与较晚以及较强与较弱。后来，较强的飓风在巴哈马的第二个站点彻底灭绝了蜥蜴种群，而较早的，较弱的飓风在巴哈马的第三个站点没有发现任何影响。我们建议，除了严重性外，飓风的时机与生殖计划或其他物候方面的重合可能决定其对多种生物的影响程度。

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