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The genetic basis of adaptive melanism in pocket mice.

机译:袖珍小鼠中适应性黑素病的遗传基础。

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摘要

Identifying the genes underlying adaptation is a major challenge in evolutionary biology. Here, we describe the molecular changes underlying adaptive coat color variation in a natural population of rock pocket mice, Chaetodipus intermedius. Rock pocket mice are generally light-colored and live on light-colored rocks. However, populations of dark (melanic) mice are found on dark lava, and this concealing coloration provides protection from avian and mammalian predators. We conducted association studies by using markers in candidate pigmentation genes and discovered four mutations in the melanocortin-1-receptor gene, Mc1r, that seem to be responsible for adaptive melanism in one population of lava-dwelling pocket mice. Interestingly, another melanic population of these mice on a different lava flow shows no association with Mc1r mutations, indicating that adaptive dark color has evolved independently in this species through changes at different genes.
机译:鉴定适应基础的基因是进化生物学的主要挑战。在这里,我们描述了自然变化的岩袋鼠,中型Chaetodipus intermedius的适应性外套颜色变化的分子变化。岩袋鼠通常是浅色的,生活在浅色的岩石上。但是,在深色熔岩上发现了深色(黑色)小鼠种群,这种隐藏的颜色为鸟类和哺乳动物的掠食者提供了保护。我们通过在候选色素沉着基因中使用标记进行了关联研究,并发现了黑皮质素1受体基因Mc1r中的四个突变,这些突变似乎与一群居住在熔岩中的袖珍小鼠的适应性黑素病有关。有趣的是,这些老鼠在不同的熔岩流中的另一个黑色群体显示出与Mc1r突变无关,这表明适应性深色通过该物种在不同基因上的变化独立地进化了。

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