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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Expression pattern of Drosophila ret suggests a common ancestral origin between the metamorphosis precursors in insect endoderm and the vertebrate enteric neurons
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Expression pattern of Drosophila ret suggests a common ancestral origin between the metamorphosis precursors in insect endoderm and the vertebrate enteric neurons

机译：果蝇ret的表达模式表明昆虫内胚层的变态前体与脊椎动物肠神经元之间有共同的祖先起源。

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The RET gene, encoding a receptor tyrosine kinase, is unusual among human protooncogenes in that its mutant alleles are implicated in a developmental defect involving enteric neurons as well as in tumorigenesis. The cells affected in both types of disorders are derived from the neural crest. Targeted disruption of mouse re t has revealed an additional role in kidney development. Here we report the analysis of a ret homolog in Drosophila melanogaster, an arthropod with no neural crest. Drosophila ret (D-ret) encodes a protein of 1,235 amino acids that has all of the domains identified in the vertebrate ret, including a cadherin motif. During embryogenesis. D-ret mRNA is first detected in the yolk sac at the late gastrula stage. In the postgastrula, D-ret is expressed in the foregut neurons, excretory system. peripheral ganglia, and the central nervous system. Thus. despite the wide divergence of early embryonic fate maps between vertebrates and invertebrates. D-re t is expressed in cells that are presumed to be the funttional equivalents of the ret-expressing cells in verte- brates. Unexpectedly, D-ret is also expressed in the imaginal islands of the endodermal gut. These cells are proliferation-com- petent precursors for adult midgut that are diffusely embedded in the growth-arrested juvenile gut. These retexpressing nonneuro- nal cells are strikingly analogous to vertebrate enteric neurons in their topography, but not in their cell fate. Our finding suggests a previously unrecognized phylogenetic relationship between the ret-expressing cells in vertebrates and the precursor reserves of metamorphosing insects.
机译：编码受体酪氨酸激酶的RET基因在人类原癌基因中并不常见，因为它的突变等位基因与涉及肠神经元的发育缺陷以及肿瘤发生有关。在两种类型的疾病中受影响的细胞均来自神经c。小鼠ret的靶向破坏揭示了在肾脏发育中的其他作用。在这里，我们报告在果蝇节肢动物，没有神经波峰的视网膜同源分析。果蝇ret（D-ret）编码一种1,235个氨基酸的蛋白质，该蛋白质具有在脊椎动物ret中鉴定的所有域，包括钙黏着蛋白基序。在胚胎发生过程中。 D-ret mRNA最早在胃小肠晚期的卵黄囊中检测到。在胃后，D-ret在前肠神经元，排泄系统中表达。周围神经节和中枢神经系统。从而。尽管脊椎动物和无脊椎动物之间的早期胚胎命运图谱差异很大。 D-re t在细胞中表达，推测其是脊椎动物中表达ret的细胞的功能等同物。出乎意料的是，D-ret也在内胚层肠的假想岛中表达。这些细胞是具有成增殖能力的成年中肠的前体，它们被扩散地嵌入生长被阻止的幼体肠道中。这些表达性非神经细胞在地形上与脊椎动物的肠神经元惊人地相似，但在细胞命运上却并非如此。我们的发现表明，以前在脊椎动物中未表达的细胞与变态昆虫的前体储备之间尚未形成的系统发育关系。

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