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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Mechanism for fetal globin gene expression: Role of the soluble guanylate cyclase--cGMP-dependent protein kinase pathway
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Mechanism for fetal globin gene expression: Role of the soluble guanylate cyclase--cGMP-dependent protein kinase pathway

机译:胎儿珠蛋白基因表达的机制:可溶性鸟苷酸环化酶-cGMP依赖性蛋白激酶途径的作用

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摘要

Despite considerable concerns with pharmacological stimulation of fetal hemoglobin (Hb F) as a therapeutic option for the β-globin disorders, the molecular basis of action of Hb F-inducing agents remains unclear. Here we show that an intracellular pathway including soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) and cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) plays a role in induced expression of the γ-globin gene. sGC. an obligate heterodimer of α- and β-subunits, participates in a variety of physiological processes by converting GTP to cGMP. Northern blot analyses with erythroid cell lines expressing different β-like globin genes showed that. whereas the β-subunit is expressed at similar levels, high-level expression of the α-subunit is preferentially observed in erythroid cells expressing γ-globin but not those expressing β-globin. Also, the levels of expression of the γ-globin gene correlate to those of the α-subunit. sGC activators or cGMP analogs increased expression of the γ- globin gene in erythroleukemic cells as well as in primary eryth- roblasts from normal subjects and patients with β-thalassemia. Nuclear run-off assays showed that the sGC activator protopor- phyrin IX stimulates transcription of the γ-globin gene. Further- more, increased expression of the γ-globin gene by well known Hb F-inducers such as hemin and butyrate was abolished by inhibiting sGC or PKG activity. Taken together, these results strongly suggest that the sGC-PKG pathway constitutes a mechanism that regulates expression of the γ-globin gene. Further characterization of this pathway should permit us to develop new therapeutics for the β-globin disorders.
机译:尽管药理刺激胎儿血红蛋白(Hb F)作为治疗β-球蛋白疾病的一种选择,但尚不清楚Hb F诱导剂作用的分子基础。在这里,我们显示包括可溶性鸟苷酸环化酶(sGC)和cGMP依赖性蛋白激酶(PKG)在内的细胞内途径在γ珠蛋白基因的诱导表达中起作用。 sGC。 α-和β-亚基的专性异二聚体通过将GTP转化为cGMP参与各种生理过程。用表达不同的β样球蛋白基因的类红细胞系进行Northern印迹分析表明。尽管β-亚基以相似的水平表达,但是优先在表达γ-珠蛋白的红系细胞中观察到α-亚基的高水平表达,而不是表达β-珠蛋白的红系细胞中的高表达。另外,γ-珠蛋白基因的表达水平与α-亚基的表达水平相关。 sGC激活剂或cGMP类似物可增加正常人和β地中海贫血患者的红血球细胞以及原代红细胞中γ-珠蛋白基因的表达。核径流分析表明,sGC活化剂原卟啉IX刺激了γ-珠蛋白基因的转录。此外,通过抑制sGC或PKG活性,消除了众所周知的Hb F诱导剂(如血红素和丁酸)对γ珠蛋白基因表达的增加。综上所述,这些结果强烈暗示sGC-PKG途径构成调节γ-珠蛋白基因表达的机制。该途径的进一步表征应使我们能够开发出针对β-珠蛋白疾病的新疗法。

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