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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the IEEE >Renewable Energy Integration in Alaska’s Remote Islanded Microgrids: Economic Drivers, Technical Strategies, Technological Niche Development, and Policy Implications
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Renewable Energy Integration in Alaska’s Remote Islanded Microgrids: Economic Drivers, Technical Strategies, Technological Niche Development, and Policy Implications

机译：阿拉斯加偏远岛屿微电网中的可再生能源整合：经济驱动因素，技术策略，技术细分市场发展以及政策含义

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摘要

Alaska has over 200 communities operating remote islanded microgrids that are not connected to each other or to the North American electric grid. These communities range in size from a few dozen to a few thousand residents and rely heavily on fossil fuels-primarily imported diesel-to generate electricity. This has resulted in some of the highest energy costs in the nation (over $1/kWh in some locations) and a strong incentive to invest in renewable energy as a strategy for reducing these costs. This article explores technical challenges and associated mitigation strategies of renewable energy integration, including lessons learned from the implementation of over 70 renewable-diesel hybrid microgrids in Alaska utilizing a wide range of resource and technology solutions. This article also reviews the underlying socio-political and economic landscape that has allowed Alaska to emerge as an early adopter of microgrid-enabling technologies and includes a discussion of Alaska's energy programs and policies and how they impact project development. The results of this article show that the primary technical hurdles for renewable energy integration in Alaska's remote islanded microgrids include management of distributed energy resources and design for reliable and resilient operation with intermittent high-penetration renewable generation. Additionally, economic drivers include extremely high energy costs, a highly deregulated utility market with dozens of certificated utilities, state investment in infrastructure, and modest subsidies that create a technological niche where renewable energy projects are cost-competitive at current market prices. Many of the evolving technical strategies and lessons learned from renewable integration projects in Alaska's remote islanded microgrids could help inform project development in other markets, despite differences in climate and geography.
机译：阿拉斯加有200多个社区，这些社区经营着彼此不相连或与北美电网不相连的远程孤岛微电网。这些社区的规模从几十个居民到数千个居民不等，并且严重依赖化石燃料（主要是进口柴油）发电。这导致了美国一些最高的能源成本（在某些地区超过1美元/千瓦时），并强烈鼓励人们投资可再生能源，以此作为降低这些成本的战略。本文探讨了可再生能源整合的技术挑战和相关的缓解策略，包括从阿拉斯加利用多种资源和技术解决方案实施70多个可再生柴油混合微电网中获得的经验教训。本文还回顾了潜在的社会政治和经济格局，这些格局使阿拉斯加成为支持微电网的技术的早期采用者，并讨论了阿拉斯加的能源计划和政策及其对项目发展的影响。本文的结果表明，在阿拉斯加的偏远岛屿微电网中，可再生能源整合的主要技术障碍包括分布式能源的管理以及间歇性高渗透率可再生能源的可靠，有弹性的运行设计。此外，经济驱动因素包括极高的能源成本，高度放松管制的公用事业市场（拥有数十种经认证的公用事业），国家对基础设施的投资以及适度的补贴，这些补贴创造了一个技术利基市场，可再生能源项目在当前市场价格下具有成本竞争力。尽管气候和地理条件存在差异，但从阿拉斯加偏远岛屿微电网的可再生能源整合项目中获得的许多不断发展的技术战略和经验教训仍可为其他市场的项目开发提供信息。

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