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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the IEEE >Automated Demand Response for Smart Buildings and Microgrids: The State of the Practice and Research Challenges
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Automated Demand Response for Smart Buildings and Microgrids: The State of the Practice and Research Challenges

机译：智能建筑和微电网的自动化需求响应：实践和研究挑战的现状

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摘要

Keeping up with growing electricity demand and ensuring reliable grid operation, as renewable sources reach a large proportion of generation, require end-use facilities—commercial, residential, and industrial—to be sensitive and responsive to grid connections in new ways. Automated demand response (ADR) is widely acknowledged as a key approach. The technology has progressed substantially since early implementations, with worldwide projects and a new standard. Recent applications with grid-integrated buildings and microgrids are extending the functionality, with increasing sophistication of how demand-side load profiles are managed and with integration of distributed storage and generation. This paper reviews the motivation for demand response (DR) and outlines the architectural models, technology infrastructure, and communication and control protocols that are currently in use. Four projects for commercial buildings and microgrids, in the United States, United Kingdom, and China, are described. We also point out limitations of the state of the practice that represent opportunities for research and development. Several research topics are noted, focusing on needs for modeling, optimization, and control, and some preliminary related work is discussed.
机译：随着可再生能源在发电中所占比例很大，要跟上不断增长的电力需求并确保可靠的电网运行，就需要最终用途的设施（商业，住宅和工业用途）敏感并以新的方式响应电网连接。自动需求响应（ADR）是公认的关键方法。自早期实施以来，随着全球项目和新标准的出现，该技术取得了长足的进步。网格集成的建筑物和微电网的最新应用程序扩展了功能，随着对需求侧负载配置文件的管理方式的日益完善以及分布式存储和发电的集成，这种功能也得到了扩展。本文回顾了需求响应（DR）的动机，并概述了当前使用的体系结构模型，技术基础结构以及通信和控制协议。描述了在美国，英国和中国的四个用于商业建筑和微电网的项目。我们还指出了代表研发机会的实践状态的局限性。记录了几个研究主题，重点放在建模，优化和控制的需求上，并讨论了一些初步的相关工作。

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