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Technical progress in landing mechanisms for exploring small solar system bodies

机译：探索小型太阳系体的着陆机制技术进展

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Landing on the surfaces of small solar system bodies (3SBs) is a prerequisite for maximizing the value of probes and provides technical reserves for the resource development of 3SBs and crewed landings on their surfaces. Motivated by the purposes of space exploration, such as finding the origin of life and developing space resources, launching probes and landing them on 3SBs is attracting increasing attention. The microgravitational environment and uncertain surface characteristics on 3SBs will contribute to the rebounding and tipping over of probes and thus pose great challenges to the landing of probes. In this paper, global deep space missions and plans to explore 3SBs are summarized, and the technologies related to landing mechanisms and sampling-cushioning assemblies are organized. The surface characteristics of 3SBs are important factors affecting the landing process of probes, so the achievements of the surface characteristics that have been obtained by scientific observations are reviewed, and theoretical research on mechanical properties is discussed. For more experience in the landing-cushioning of space probes, the existing landing structures and cushioning assemblies adopted for missions to other extraterrestrial bodies are studied, then their characteristics are analyzed and several novel approaches for landing on 3SBs are proposed. Subsequently, the microgravitational landing experiments and realization methods are sorted. Finally, some discussion about the future development of landing on 3SBs is presented.
机译：降落在小型太阳系体的表面（3SB）是最大化探针价值的先决条件，并为其表面上的3SB资源开发提供技术储备。通过空间探索的目的，例如寻找生命的起源和发展空间资源，在3SB上发射探针并将其降落在3SB上是由于不断增加的关注。 3SB上的微观侦察环境和不确定的表面特征将有助于反弹和翻倒探针，从而对探针着陆构成了巨大挑战。在本文中，总结了全球深度空间任务和探索3SB的计划，组织了与着陆机构和采样缓冲组件相关的技术。 3SB的表面特征是影响探针着陆过程的重要因素，因此审查了通过科学观察获得的表面特征的成就，并讨论了对机械性能的理论研究。对于空间探头的着陆缓冲进行更多经验，研究了对其他外星体的任务采用的现有着陆结构和缓冲组件，提出了它们的特征，提出了几种着陆落地的新方法。随后，对微争夺的着陆实验和实现方法进行分类。最后，提出了关于未来落地3SB的未来发展的讨论。

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