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首页> 外文期刊>Progress in Oceanography >The influence of climate variability and change on the ecosystems of the Barents Sea and adjacent waters: Review and synthesis of recent studies from the NESSAS Project
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The influence of climate variability and change on the ecosystems of the Barents Sea and adjacent waters: Review and synthesis of recent studies from the NESSAS Project

机译：气候变化和变化对巴伦支海及邻近水域生态系统的影响：NESSAS项目最新研究的综述和综合

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The Norwegian Component of the Ecosystem Studies of Sub-Arctic Seas (NESSAS) was funded by the Research Council of Norway from 2005 to 2008. Its aim was to quantify the impact of climate variability on the structure and function of the marine ecosystem of the Barents Sea and adjacent waters in order to predict the ecosystem responses to possible future climate change and their possible economic impact. This paper reviews research highlights dealing with climate forcing and its influence. New insights were provided on the role of large-scale atmospheric forcing on the physical oceanography including the effect of Arctic and Atlantic cyclones on the variability of the ice extent in the Barents Sea and the non-linear response of the sub-polar gyre to North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) forcing. In addition, the NAO was also shown to influence the biology, for example shrimp recruitment in the Barents Sea and primary production in the Nordic Seas, with the strength and sign of the correlations being spatially dependent. The importance of longer term climate variability in the form of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (60-80 years period) was stressed, as it leads to significant changes in fish production, shifts in distribution and changes in spawning sites in the Barents Sea as well as other northern Atlantic ecosystems. Results from comparative studies between several US ecosystems and those of the Norwegian and Barents Seas are presented, including evidence of increased primary productivity in the Barents Sea in recent years and the poleward movement of zooplankton and fish. In addition recruitment patterns of major demersal and pelagic species in the Barents Sea generally show synchrony with those in the Gulf of Maine indicating a common external forcing. Possible ecosystem scenarios for the Barents Sea under anthropogenic-induced future climate change were developed including expectations of structural and functional changes due to distributional changes of many species. Of particular note is the likelihood of increases in the productivity of several fish species, including cod and herring, which potentially could result in higher fisheries yields.
机译：北极海底生态系统研究的挪威部分（NESSAS）由挪威研究委员会于2005年至2008年资助。其目的是量化气候变化对巴伦支海洋生态系统结构和功能的影响。海洋和邻近水域，以预测生态系统对未来可能的气候变化及其可能的经济影响的反应。本文回顾了有关应对气候强迫及其影响的研究重点。提供了关于大规模大气强迫在物理海洋学上的作用的新见解，包括北极和大西洋气旋对巴伦支海冰范围变化的影响以及亚极回旋向北的非线性响应大西洋涛动（NAO）强迫。此外，还显示了NAO影响生物学，例如在巴伦支海捕捞虾和在北欧海捕捞初级产品，其相关性和强度在空间上是依赖的。强调了以大西洋多年代际振荡（60-80年为期）形式的长期气候变化的重要性，因为它导致鱼类产量的显着变化，分布的变化以及巴伦支海以及其他产卵地点的变化。其他北大西洋生态系统。提出了一些美国生态系统与挪威和巴伦支海生态系统之间比较研究的结果，包括近年来巴伦支海初级生产力提高以及浮游动物和鱼类向极极运动的证据。此外，巴伦支海主要海底和远洋鱼类的募集方式通常与缅因湾的募集方式同步，这表明外部强迫是共同的。在人为诱发的未来气候变化下，巴伦支海的可能生态系统情景得到了开发，其中包括由于许多物种的分布变化而导致的结构和功能变化的预期。特别值得注意的是，包括鳕鱼和鲱鱼在内的几种鱼类的生产力都有可能增加，这有可能导致更高的渔业产量。

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  • 来源
    《Progress in Oceanography》 |2011年第4期|p.47-61|共15页
  • 作者

    Kenneth F. Drinkwater;

  • 作者单位

    Institute of Marine Research and Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Box 1870 Nordnes, N-5817 Bergen, Norway;

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