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A MULTI-OBJECTIVE NETWORK DESIGN MODEL FOR POST-DISASTER TRANSPORTATION NETWORK MANAGEMENT

机译：灾后运输网络管理的多目标网络设计模型

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摘要

Despite their inherent vulnerability to structural and functional degradation, transportation networks play a vital role in the aftermath of disasters by ensuring physical access to the affected communities and providing services according to the generated needs. In this setting of operational conditions and service needs which deviate from normal, a restructuring of network functions is deemed to be beneficial for overall network serviceability. In such context, this paper explores the planning of post-disaster operations on a network following a hazardous event on one of the network's nodes. Lane reversal, demand regulation and path activation are applied to provide an optimally reconfigured network with reallocated demand, so that the network performance is maximized. The problem is formulated as a bi-level optimization model; the upper level determines the optimal network management strategy implementation scheme while the lower level assigns traffic on the network. Three performance indices are used for that purpose: the total network travel time (TNTT), the total network flow (TNF) and the special origin-destination pair (OD pair) accessibility. A genetic algorithm coupled with a traffic assignment process is used as a solution methodology. Application of the model on a real urban network proves the computational efficiency of the algorithm; the model systematically produces robust results of enhanced network performance, indicating its value as an operation planning tool.
机译：尽管运输网络固有地易受结构和功能退化的影响，但它们在灾难发生后仍起着至关重要的作用，它确保了对受影响社区的物理访问并根据所产生的需求提供服务。在这种偏离正常情况的操作条件和服务需求的设置中，网络功能的重组被认为有利于整体网络的可维护性。在这种情况下，本文探讨了在网络节点之一发生危险事件之后网络上的灾后操作的计划。应用车道逆转，需求调节和路径激活来提供具有重新分配的需求的最佳重新配置网络，从而使网络性能最大化。该问题被表述为双层优化模型。上级确定最佳的网络管理策略实施方案，而下级分配网络上的流量。为此，使用了三个性能指标：总的网络传输时间（TNTT），总的网络流量（TNF）和特殊的始发目的地对（OD对）可访问性。遗传算法与交通分配过程结合在一起用作解决方法。该模型在实际城市网络中的应用证明了该算法的计算效率。该模型系统地生成了增强的网络性能的可靠结果，表明其作为操作计划工具的价值。

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