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首页> 外文期刊>Psychological Bulletin >Explaining Disproportionately High Rates of Adverse Birth Outcomes Among African Americans: The Impact of Stress, Racism, and Related Factors in Pregnancy
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Explaining Disproportionately High Rates of Adverse Birth Outcomes Among African Americans: The Impact of Stress, Racism, and Related Factors in Pregnancy

机译：解释非裔美国人中异常高的出生结局率：压力，种族主义和怀孕相关因素的影响

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Compared with European Americans, African American infants experience disproportionately high rates of low birth weight and preterm delivery and are more than twice as likely to die during their 1 st year of life. The authors examine 5 explanations for these differences in rates of adverse birth outcomes: (a) ethnic differences in health behaviors and socioeconomic status; (b) higher levels of stress in African American women; (c) greater susceptibility to stress in African Americans; (d) the impact of racism acting either as a contributor to stress or as a factor that exacerbates stress effects; and (e) ethnic differences in stress-related neuroendocrine, vascular, and immunological processes. The review of literature indicates that each explanation has some merit, although none is sufficient to explain ethnic disparities in adverse birth outcomes. There is a lack of studies examining the impact of such factors jointly and interactively. Recommendations and cautions for future research are offered.
机译：与欧洲裔美国人相比，非裔美国人婴儿出生时体重过轻和早产的比例高得不成比例，并且在生命的第一年死亡的可能性是后者的两倍以上。作者检查了对不良出生率的这些差异的5种解释：（a）健康行为和社会经济地位的种族差异； （b）非洲裔美国妇女的压力更高； （c）非裔美国人更容易承受压力； （d）种族主义的影响既是造成压力的因素，又是加剧压力影响的因素； （e）与压力有关的神经内分泌，血管和免疫过程的种族差异。文献综述表明，每种解释都有其优点，尽管尚不足以解释不良分娩结果中的种族差异。缺乏研究来共同和互动地研究这些因素的影响。提供了有关未来研究的建议和注意事项。

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